Abstract: Objective To analyze the survival time and its related factors among human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS)infections vial sexual transmission in Fujian province.Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect data on sexually transmitted HIV/AIDS cases from 1997 through 31 November,2014 in Fujian province.Records and follow-up data of the HIV/AIDS cases were extracted from China Information System for HIV/AIDS Control and Prevention and analyzed with SPSS 15.0.Results For a total of 6 146 HIV/AIDS cases registered during the period,the mean survival time was 189.91±7.58 months and the median survival time was 216 months.Multivariate Cox regression showed that the HIV/AIDS cases aged <50 years at the first diagnosis had a lower mortality risk than those ≥50 years (P<0.001);the cases with the education of college or above had a lower mortality risk than those with the education of other level (odds ratioOR=0.41,95% confidence interval:95% CI:0.20-0.87);the cases identified among high-risk or detained populations were at a lower mortality risk than those identified among attendances of medical institutions (both P<0.05);the cases with lower CD4⁺ T cell count of ≤500/μL at the first detection had a higher mortality risk than those with the count of >500/μL (all P<0.001);and the cases without treatment had a higher mortality risk than those with treatment (OR=5.45,95% CI:4.12-7.21).Conclusion The survival time of sexually transmitted HIV/AIDS patients in Fujian province is mainly influenced by their age,education level,and medical treatment.