Abstract: Air pollution has been serious in China in recent years and its effect on human health is highly concerned by the public.Among the particulate pollutants,particulate matter<2.5 microns in aerodynamic diameter (PM_2.5) imposes the most adverse effect on human health.Substantial evidences suggest that PM_2.5 pollution relates closely to the incidence of cardiovascular diseases and the adverse effects of PM_2.5 are significantly different among the adults and fetuses.The latest research progress on adverse effects of PM_2.5 on adult cardiovascular system and the development of fetal cardiovascular system were reviewed in this article.