Abstract: Objective To investigate the risk of preconception psychological stress (PPS) among the women of childbearing age in different regions for carrying out risk assessment and intervention on PPS.Methods Data on a total of 3 608 290 healthy childbearing age women were extracted from the dataset of National Free Preconception Health Checkups from 2011 to 2014 and analyzed using descriptive analysis and Chi-square test with SPSS 20.0.Results Significantly higher proportions of the childbearing age women with the risk of PPS were identified among those aged 25-29 years (16.96%),with the education of junior college or college (24.71%),with the education of postgraduate or above (36.67%),working in service industry (32.42%),working as a teacher or civil servant (30.36%),and with urban residential registry (30.74%).There were significant differences in the risk of PPS among the childbearing age women in the eastern,central,and western regions of China (χ²=63597.06,P<0.001) and the childbearing age women in the eastern and western regions had significantly higher ratios of with the risk of PPS compared to those in the central regions.The ratio of the women with the risk of PPS showed an obvious declining trend from 2011 to 2014.Conclusion There are significant differences in the detection rate of preconception psychological stress risk among childbearing age women in different regions.