Abstract: Objective To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of human papilloma virus (HPV) infection in patients with gynecological diseases and to provide references for clinical prevention and treatment of HPV infection.Methods The medical records of 1 680 gynecological disease patients seeking medical service in the Gynecological Clinic of Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Provincial Academy of Medical Sciences between January 2010 and October 2015 were collected and analyzed.Results There were 590 cases of HPV infection and the infection rate was 35.12% among the 1 680 gynecological disease patients.Of the 590 HPV infections,453 (76.78%),95 (16.10%),and 42 (7.12%)were single,dual,and multiple infection;194 (32.88%) and 396 (67.12%) were low- and high-risk infection.The results of multiple unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that with higher education,having the first sexual behavior at older age,and use of condom were were protective factors of HPV infection among the gynecological disease patients (all odds ratioOR<1);whereas,having more pregnancies and with more sexual partners were risk factors of HPV infection (both OR>1).Conclusion Single and high-risk infection are main types of HPV infection and educational level,age of first sexual behavior,usage of condom,frequency of pregnancy,and number of sexual partner are main influencing factors of HPV infection in patients with gynecological disease.