Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors of hyperuricemia among adult residents in eastern mountain area of Guangdong province.Methods A total of 2 616 permanent residents aged 35-75 years were recruited with random cluster sampling from 12 administrative villages in eastern mountain area of Guangdong province.A questionnaire survey,physical examination,and related biochemical measurements were conducted among the residents from January through December 2015.Results The prevalence rate of hyperuricemia was 10.78% among the 2 587 participants successfully completing all survey items;a significantly higher prevalence rate was observed among the male participants than among the female residents (12.41%175/1 410vs.8.84%104/1 177,P<0.05) and the gender difference in the prevalence rate was much more obvious among the participants less than 55 years old;the prevalence rate decreased in the male participants but increased in the female participants with the increment of age.The average serum uric acid level of the males was significantly higher than that of the females (P<0.05).Multivariate logisric regression analysis showed that male gender (odds ratioOR=1.253,P=0.027),obesity(OR=1.515,P=0.017),meat intake (OR=2.256,P=0.019),alcohol drinking (OR=1.257,P=0.011),hyperlipidemia (OR=2.256,P=0.021),hypertension (OR=1.657,P=0.015),and high cholesterol (OR=5.052,P=0.003) were major independent influence factors of hyperuricemia,but hyperglycemiar (OR=2.312,P=0.063) was a non-independent factor.Conclusion The prevalence of hyperuricemia is higher among male adult residents than among the female residents and main risk factors of hyperuricemia are alcohol drinking,high meat consumption,obesity,high blood fat and cholesterol,and hypertension among the adult residents in eastern mountain area of Guangdong province.