Abstract: ObjectiveTo examine antibiotics use among neurological inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection for the promotion of rational application of antibiotic to the inpatients.MethodsUsing random sampling,3 200 neurological inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection were selected from 4 hospitals of grade III class A in 2 cities of Liaoning province between January 1,2014 and January 1,2016.Information on antibiotic use among the inpatients were extracted and the frequency of antibiotic use and drug utilization index (DUI) of the inpatients were calculated.ResultsThe main antibiotic used among the inpatients was cephalosporins (65.34%).For all the antibiotics used,the drug with maximum drug utilization index (DUI) was cefoperazone-sulbactam (2.00) and the drug with maximum DUI was cefpirome (0.66).The utilized antibiotics with the DUI approximately to one were aztreonam (1.01),ciprofloxacin (1.01),vancomycin (1.02),oxacillin (1.03),ceftizoxime (1.04),and cefmenoxime (1.05),respectively.ConclusionThe values of drug utilization index were relatively centralized for the antibiotics used among neurological inpatients with lower respiratory tract infection in large hospitals in two cities of Liaoning province,but supervision on rational utilization of antibiotics still needs to be strengthened.