Abstract: Children are an important reservoir of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and may play a central role in disseminating S.aureus and MRSA in the community and hospital settings.MRSA is one of the most important pathogen and can cause not only superficial skin infections but also life-threatening disease.This review summarizes the prevalence,risk factors,and preventive measures for MRSA nasal colonization among children and molecular genetic characteristics of dominant MRSA colonization strains to provide references for making countermeasures against the problem.