Abstract: Objective To revise and evaluate the reliability and validity of Substance Use Risk Profile Scale(SURPS)-Chinese Version and to provide evidences for its application in China.Methods The original SURPS was first translated from English into Chinese and then back translated into English.The theoretical construct of SURPS was primarily revised based on the characteristics of Chinese pupils.The revised SURPS-Chinese Version was administered among 948 grade 4 to 6 pupils recruited with random cluster sampling from 3 primary schools in Baise city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region between March 2014 and June 2015 to test theoretical construct rationality and to evaluate the reliability and validity of the revised SURPS.Correlation analysis,exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were adopted in the evaluation.Results The factor construction for the items of the revised SURPS-Chinese Version was basically the same as the original scale.The results of exploratory factor analysis showed that 54.16% of the total variation could be explained by 4 common factors.The confirmatory factor analyses showed following results:χ²/df=5.214, goodness-of-fit index (GFI)＝0.8893, adjusted goodness-of-fit index (AGFI)＝0.862 4, normed fit index (NFI)＝0.8984, incremental fit index (IFI)＝0.8927, root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA)=0.063,demonstrating good fitting of the model.The Pearson correlation coefficients between each item and dimensions were from 0.667 to 0.818 (P<0.001).The total internal consistency Cronbach's alpha was 0.801; the total test-retest correlation coefficient was 0.776.The internal consistency Cronbach's alphas for the four dimensions were between 0.698 to 0.811,and the test-retest correlation coefficients were between 0.601 to 0.754.Conclusion The reliability and validity of the revised SURPS-Chinese Version for Chinese pupils meet the requirement of psychological test and could be used in individual risk assessment on substance abuse among Chinese adolescents.