Lifestyle among urban and rural community residents in Shanghai munici-pality
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摘要: 目的 对上海市城乡居民生活方式调查,有针对性进行健康教育。方法 于2016年4-6月,采用分层随机抽样法抽取上海市九亭镇国亭居委辖区内4个居民小区736户、对照组为九亭镇其他11个居委会1 122户居民开展入户调查,国亭居委会收回有效问卷719份,有效率97.7%;其他11个居委会收回有效问卷1 081份,有效率96.3%。对戒烟限酒、合理营养、适量运动、心理平衡在居民中的知晓度及一般急救知识进行调查。戒烟限酒相关知识国亭居委居民(吸烟占22.5%,162/719)与对照村居民(27.6%,289/1 045),差异有统计学意义;知晓每日食物成分相对摄入量国亭居委居民(75.7%,544/719)与对照村居民(47.7%,513/1 075)差异有统计学意义;在体力活动方面达到世界卫生组织推荐的活动量18~34岁人群中,国亭居委居民(36.1%,35/79)与对照村居居民(37.2%,19/51)无明显差异;在定期测量血压方面,国亭居委居民(73.6%,529/719)与对照组居民(83.2%,887/1 066),差异有统计学意义;在急救知识方面,知晓心肺复苏的正确按压部位,国亭居委居民(69.4%,497/716)与对照村居居民(39.1%,422/1 080),差异有统计学意义。结论 通过生活方式调查可以更好地有针对性开展健康教育。Abstract: Objective To investigate the lifestyle among urban and rural residents in Shanghai municipality for implementing targeted health education.Methods We selected 736 households from 4 residential communities and 1 122 households from 11 village neighborhood committees in Jiuting town in Sonjiang district of Shanghai municipality using stratified random sampling;then a household questionnaire survey on awareness of smoking cessation,alcohol consumption control,rational nutrition,moderate exercise,psychological balance,and first aid knowledge was conducted among the residents selected (one family member from each of the households) between April and June 2016.Results Totally 719 (97.7%) and 1 081 (96.3%) valid responds were collected from the participants from residential communities and village household committees.Between the participants from the residential communities and village household committees,there were significant differences in prevalence of smoking (22.5%[162/719]vs.27.6%[289/1 045]),awareness rate of daily nutrition intake (75.7%[544/719]vs.47.7%[513/1 075]),and knowledge rate of right part of body to be pressed in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (69.4%[497/716]vs.39.1%[422/1 080]).Among the participants aged 18-34 years,36.1% (35/79) and 37.2% (19/51) reported having a physical activity level recommended by World Health Organization (WHO),without significant difference between the participants from residential communities and village household committees.The participants from village household committees reported a significantly higher proportion (83.2%[887/1 066]vs.73.6%[529/719]) of measuring blood pressure periodically compared to those from residential communities.Conclusion Survey on lifestyle among residents could provide a basis for carrying out targeted health education effectively in the population.
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