Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non-coding small RNA molecules with the length approximately from 19 to 22 nucleotides.Recent studies showed that microRNAs differentially expressed in different tissues of type 2 diabetic patients and the miRNAs are widely involved in the occurrence and development of diabetes,and play an important role in the processes of insulin secretion and pancreatic islet beta cells development,sugar metabolism,fat metabolism,and inflammation.In this review we summarized differentially expressed miRNAs in different tissues (pancreas,fat,and skeletal muscles) and body fluids (miRNAs in serum and plasma) in type 2 diabetic patients,and analyzed their correlations with type 2 diabetes occurrence and development to provide bases for evaluating clinical application value of miRNAs in diagnosis,treatment,and prognosis of type 2 diabetes.