Abstract: Objective To examine the status of exposure to risk factors of ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD) and to assess the risk of ICVD prevalence in the next 10 years among 35 to 59 year old residents in Fangshan district of Beijing for providing evidences for the prevention and treatment of ICVD.Methods An ICVD-related questionnaire survey,physical examination,and laboratory test were conducted among 2 357 residents of 35 to 59 years old selected with stratified proportion to size sampling in Fangshan district of Beijing between April and May,2012.Absolute and average risk of ICVD among the residents were assessed with Assessment Method for Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease within Next 10 Years among Chinese Population.Results The prevalence rates of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia were 41.3%,14.7%,and 52.0%;69.6% of the residents were overweight or obesity and 29.5% were smokers.The estimated proportions of the residents with low-,moderate-,high-,and extreme high-risk of ICVD during next 10-year were 84.8%,11.2%,3.4%,and 0.6%,respectively,with significant gender- and age-differences in the proportions (P<0.001 for all).The estimated average risk of ICVD during next 10-year was higher than the reference value given by the national assessment,with significant higher average risk among the male residents than among the female residents (3.02±2.88 vs.2.44±3.59,t=4.31;P<0.001).Conclusion The level of exposure to risk factors of ICVD is high and the risk of ICVD prevalence during next 10-year is also high among 35-59 years old residents in Fangshan district of Beijing,suggesting smoking,overweight or obesity,dyslipidemia,hypertension,and diabetes should be effectively controlled to reduce the risk.