Abstract: Objective To analyze clinical characteristics of 1 494 tuberculosis patients with positive Mycobacterium culture results and to provide references for tuberculosis treatment and prevention.Methods We extracted and analyzed medical records of 1 494 bacterium positive tuberculosis patients from 4 486 out- and in-patients with Mycobacterium culture for specimens conducted at Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2011 through December 2015.Results Of the 1 494 patients,77.9% were initial treatment patients and 22.1% were retreatment patients; 59.6% were male and 40.4% were female; 8.9%,20.6%,36.1%,and 34.4% were aged ≤ 18,19-35,36-60,and ≥ 60 years,respectively;and 42.8% were urban or town residents and 57.2% were rural residents.The overall Mycobacterium positive rate for specimens of the patients was 33.3%,with the positive rate of 42.2% for phlegm samples,46.3% for bronchoscopy specimens,47.6% for percutaneous puncture biopsies,24.3% for urine,37.2% for wound secretion and biopsies of abscess,mass,and lymph node,33.3% for pericardial effusion,20.1% for cerebrospinal fluid,8.7% for ascites,26.2% for pleural tissue,and 9.6% for pleural fluid,respectively.The Mycobacterium positive rate differed significantly by gender,age,living area,and the status of the initial or retreatment (P<0.01 for all).The rate of multi-drug resistance (MDR) was significantly lower among the initial treatment patients than among the retreatment patients (0.52% vs.12.12%,χ²=116.05;P<0.01).Conclusion The proportions of males,at elder age,living in rural areas,and under initial treatment are higher than those of females,at middle or younger age,living in urban or town regions,and under retreatment among tuberculosis patients with positive Mycobacterium culture.The MDR rate is higher among patients under retreatment than among those under initial retreatment.