Abstract: Objective To examine the prevalence,awareness and control of hypertension among adult residents in Hubei province and to provide evidences for hypertension prevention and control.Methods Using multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling,we surveyed 6 000 adult residents (≥18 years old) in ten national disease surveillance sites from August 2013 to June 2014.After complex weighting for the selected samples,the prevalence,awareness treatment and control of hypertension by gender,age group and regions were analyzed.Results Among the 5 941 adults with eligible information,the overall prevalence rate of hypertension was 27.7%;among the urban and rural adults,the prevalence rates were 26.1% and 30.2%,and among the male and female adults the prevalence rates were 29.4% and 25.9%,respectively,without significant between region and gender difference (both P>0.05).The hypertension prevalence rate increased with the increment of age (P<0.01) and decreased with the ascent of education and annual income (both P<0.01).Among the hypertensive adults,the rate of awareness,treatment and control were 47.2%,37.6% and 11.7%,respectively,and all the rates were positively associated with age and annual income of the hypertensives.Of the hypertensive adults with hypertension treatment,31.2% (95% confidence interval:23.7%-38.6%) had their blood pressure under effective control,and the ratio was higher among urban hypertensive adults than among rural hypertensive adults (36.2% vs.21.4%).Conclusion Hypertension prevalence rate was high but the awareness rate of hypertension and hypertension treatment and control were low among adult residents in Hubei province.The results suggest that measures should be taken to improve awareness and control of hypertension in the population,particularly in the rural residents and those with low income or education level.