Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence and risk factors of hyperuricemia (HUA) among community elderly in Shanghai city and to provide evidences for the community prevention and intervention of HUA.Methods A total of 3 455 residents aged 65 years and above and free of hyperuricemia at a baseline examination in 2014 were recruited into a cohort study through random cluster sampling in Nicheng community of urban Shanghai.By the end of one year follow-up,a questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory tests were conducted among the participants between April and June 2015 to analyze the incidence and risk factors of HUA.Results For all the participants,3 248 (94.01%) completed the follow-up,of which,165 (5.08%) developed HUA.Multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that alcohol consumption,intake of seafood ≥3 times/week,with body mass index(BMI) of ≥24.0 kg/m²,hypertension,triglycerides of ≥2.26 mmol/L,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol of ≥4.14 mmol/L,and serum creatinine of >97 μmol/L were risk factors of HUA.Whereas,regular physical exercise and with glycated hemoglobin of ≥6.5% were protective factors of HUA.Conclusion The incidence of HUA were relatively high and was mainly influenced by BMI,triglycerides,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,serum creatinine,glycated hemoglobin,frequency of seafood intake,hypertension,alcohol consumption and regular physical exercise among community elderly in urban Shanghai.