Advance Search

2016 Vol. 32, No. 10

Display Method:
Temporal-spatial distribution of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Zhejiang province,2005-2014
JIANG Tao, CAI Jian, LIU Kui.et al
2016, 32(10): 1357-1360. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-16
Abstract(898) HTML (220) PDF 1875KB(62)
Abstract:
Objective To analyze temporal-spatial ditribution of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in Zhejiang province and to identify high-risk areas for the prevention and control HFRS epidemics in Zhejiang province.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were adopted to describe the epidemic characteristics of HFRS in Zhejiang province from 2005 to 2014.Results A total of 5 712 HFRS cases were reported during the period with an average annual reported incidence of 1.34/100 000.The HFRS epidemics showed an obvious seasonal variation.Two peaks of incidence rate was observed from May to July in a year and from November to January of next year.The global autocorrelation analysis demonstrated a significant spatial correlation for the county (district) -specific annual incidence except for the incidences in 2011 and the spatial autocorrelation declined over the years.Besides,two temporal-spatial clusterings,both in eastern Zhejiang during the periods from January 2005 to June 2009 and September 2011 to August 2013,were identified and the two spatial clusters showed an expansion trend.Conclusion There were temporal-spatial clusterings of hemorrhagic fever of renal syndrome epidemics in Zhejiang province from 2009 to 2014 and effective control measures should be implemented in the areas with high-risk to prevent the spread of the disease.
Effect of ALDH1A1 on biological behavior of gastric cancer cells through Wnt signaling pathway
JIANG Hao, SONG Xin, SUN Zhi-guo.et al
2016, 32(10): 1333-1336. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-10
Abstract(1139) HTML (236) PDF 1285KB(81)
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effect of aldehyde dehydrogenases 1A1 (ALDH1A1) on biological behavior of gastric cancer cell MKN-45 through wingless protein (Wnt) signaling pathway.Methods MKN-45 cells were transferred with the control and sh-RNA-ALDH1A1.The expression of ALDH1A1 in MK-45 cells was determined with reveres transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot.The cell viability was detected with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.The cell migration and invasion were detected with transwell method.The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2),matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9),Wnt1,Wnt5a,and β-catenin were detected with Western blot.Results Compared with those of the control group,the ALDH1A1 transfected cells showed significantly down-regulated expressions of ALDH1A1 protein (0.89±0.09 vs. 0.09±0.01) and mRNA (0.48±0.05 vs. 0.08±0.01),decreased cell viability (0.73±0.07 vs. 0.40±0.04),inhibited cell migration (98.86±9.03 vs. 39.78±3.24) and invasion (90.52±9.14 vs. 42.53±4.25),and down-regulated expressions of MMP2 (0.49±0.04 vs. 0.10±0.01),MMP9 (0.95±0.09 vs. 0.10±0.01),Wnt1 (1.29±0.12 vs. 0.28±0.03),Wnt5a (0.52±0.04 vs. 0.12±0.01),and β-catenin (0.56±0.05 vs. 0.19±0.02) (P<0.01 for all).Conclusion ALDH1A1 silence could decrease cell viability and inhibit cell migration and invasion via regulation of Wnt signal pathway in MK-45 cells.
Protective effect of propolis on ethanol-induced acute gastric injury in rats
LIU Ying, DAI Zhen-zhen, YUAN Hai-feng.et al
2016, 32(10): 1336-1339. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-11
Abstract(1144) HTML (274) PDF 1273KB(110)
Abstract:
Objective To explore the preventive effect of propolis on ethanol-induced acute gastric injury in rats.Methods Fifty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups:a control group,a model group,and low-,medium- and high-dose propolis groups (given propolis by gavage at the dosages of 40,80,160 mg/kg/d);all the rats were sacrificed one hour after the last treatment of 14 days.The extent of gastric mucosal lesions and ulcer index were determined with visual inspection and Guth integral method.The gastric histopathological changes was observed with hemato-xylin-eosin (HE) staining.The level of prostaglandins E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TGF-α) in gastric mucosa were measured by means of radioimmunoassay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results General observation on gastric tissue showed that the gastric mucosa surface of the control group was smooth and without hyperaemia and erosion,with the ulcer index of zero.Multiple hemorrhage and edema were observed in the rats of model group,with a significantly increased ulcer index (44.0±19.4);while,the mucosa damages were significantly alleviated,with a decreased ulcer index (19.8±8.8)(P<0.05) in the rats of medium-dose propolis group compared with those of the model group.Pathological observation revealed exfoliation of epithelial cells,neutrephil infiltration,and large number of erythrocyte in lamina propria of gastric mucosa in the rats of model group and these pathological injuries were obviously alleviated in the rats of medium-dose propolis group compared with those of the model group.The content of PGE2 (156.60±16.34 pg/mg) in gastric mucosa decreased significantly but serum TNF-α (111.64±19.95 pg/mL)increased significantly in the rats of model group compared to those of the control group (both P<0.05).The PGE2 content (198.75±20.99 pg/mg)in gastric mucosa increased significantly but serum TNF-α(73.93±14.96 pg/mL)decreased significantly in the rats treated with medium-dose propolis compared to those of the model (both P<0.05).Conclusion Propolis has a protective effect on ethanol-induced acute gastric injury in rats and the effect may relate to the regulation of secretion and synthesis of PGE2 and the inhibition of inflammation reaction in gastric mucosa.
Smoking and exposure to tobacco advertising among junior high school students in Qingdao city
QI Fei, LI Shan-peng, JIA Xiao-rong.et al
2016, 32(10): 1314-1318. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-05
Abstract(1192) HTML (227) PDF 971KB(89)
Abstract:
Objective To explore the effects of tobacco advertising and sale promotion on smoking among junior high school students in Qingdao city and to provide evidences for tobacco control in schools.Methods Totally 6 155 junior high school students were selected with stratified multi-stage cluster sampling from 44 high schools in Qingdao municipality and self-administered with Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) anonymously during September to November 2014.The collected data were weighted and analyzed using the complex survey module of SPSS 19 software.Results The current smoking rate was 1.5% and the rate of smoking attempt was 7.3%.Among the valid respondents,34% experienced exposure to tobacco advertisement or tobacco sale promotion during previous 30 days;of the exposed students,12.8% read tobacco advertisements or sale promotion massages on webpages,12.6% on outdoor billboard,11.9% via watching television programs,and 11.6% on newspapers or in magazines,respectively.In addition,50.7% of the respondents reported having seen scenes relevant to smoking on television/video/movie screens and 3.3% reported having kept the items relevant to brand logos of tobacco products.There was an association between exposure to tobacco advertising or promotion and tobacco use status.The current smoking students reported a higher tobacco advertising and promotion exposure rate than non-smoking students (72.1% vs.33.3%) and the students with smoking attempt also reported a higher exposure rate than those without smoking attempt (55.61% vs.32.1%).Conclusion Junior high school students in Qingdao municipality were heavily exposed to tobacco advertisement and promotion programs and the exposed students were more likely to have positive attitude towards tobacco use.
Trend in mortality of children under 5 years old in Beijing,2006-2015
WANG Jing, ZHANG Ling
2016, 32(10): 1364-1367. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-18
Abstract(1030) HTML (238) PDF 961KB(74)
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the trend in mortality rate,main causes of death,and factors associated with death place among children under 5 years old in Beijing from 2006 to 2015.Methods Using the surveillance data on the death of children in Beijing from 2006 to 2015 collected from the real-time surveillance network,the mortality rate of children of different age groups,the main causes of death in children under 5 years old and the place of death were analyzed.Results The mortality rate of newborns,infants and children under 5 years old in Beijing showed a downward trend (all P<0.01),with the mortality rate of 1.52‰,2.42‰,and 3.02‰ in 2015,which were decreased by 55.56%,47.85%,and 47.75% compared to those in 2006.For the main death causes among both the urban and rural children aged<5 years in Beijing during the period,the mortality rate of congenital heart disease and birth asphyxia declined significantly (both P<0.05) and that of premature birth or low birth weight fluctuated (both P<0.05).The mortality rate of other congenital malformations and accidental asphyxia among the urban children aged<5 years were decreased signifi-cantly by 71.61% and 10.08% (both P<0.05);the mortality rate of pneumonia was significantly decreased by 59.12% among the suburban children of less than 5 years old (P<0.05).In addition,the place of death was related to gender and residential region of the children and more deaths of girls and urban children occurred at hospitals (both P<0.05).Conclusion The mortality rate declined among the children under 5 years old in Beijing from 2006 to 2015,suggesting a continuous improvement in health status of the children.
Effect of LncRNA MALAT1 on proliferation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells
CHEN Hai-ying, MENG Tao
2016, 32(10): 1340-1343. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-12
Abstract(934) HTML (254) PDF 1071KB(150)
Abstract:
Objective To study the effect of long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) on the proliferation and apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).Methods We constructed RNA interference (RNAi) plasmid vectors for MALAT1 and then transfected them into HUVECs by liposome method.A blank control and a negative control group of HUVECs were also established.The expression of MALAT1 in HUVECs of the three groups was detected with quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).The proliferation of HUVECs was determined with caerulein and cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) assay and the apoptosis of the HUVECs was analyzed by flow cytometry with annexin Ⅴ-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide (FITC/PI) double staining.Results The relative MALAT1 expression was 0.051±0.03 in MALAT1-RNAi transfected HUVECs and significantly higher than that of in blank and negative control HUVECs (both P<0.01);the absorbance values (A) of culture medium for MALAT1-RNAi transfeced HUVECs were 0.072±0.087 and 1.115±0.077 at 48 and 72 hours of incubation and were both significantly lower than those of the blank and negative control HUVECs (P<0.05 for all);the apoptosis rate of MALAT1-RNAi transfeced HUVECs was 14.08±1.05% and significantly higher than that blank and negative control HUVECs (both P<0.01).Conclusion MALAT1-RNAi could inhibit the proliferation and promote the apoptosis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells.
Care coordination of health systems at municipality and county level in Anhui province
WANG Xin, MA Hui-fen, ZHU Wei-ming.et al
2016, 32(10): 1352-1357. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-15
Abstract(1069) HTML (240) PDF 958KB(56)
Abstract:
Objective To examine the status of care coordination for diabetes and schizophrenia patients in health systems for improving medical service coordination in hierarchical diagnosis and treatment practice.Methods With typical sampling,Ma'anshan municipality,Feidong and Feixi county in Anhui province were selected as the case study sites and totally 33 medical institutions (11 in each of the three sites)were surveyed.Theoretical service packages for diabetes and schizophrenia diagnosis and treatment were constructed through documents review and experts consultation and the medical service provided actually to the patients with the two diseases were assessed with a questionnaire survey among doctors in the institutions studied.The gaps between theoretical and actual medical service were analyzed using deficit,overlap,and excess indexes.Results There was one discontinuous segment in medical service (a service item not provided by all the institutions at different levels within the health system) to diabetes patients in each of the three health systems,two and three discontinuous segments in medical service to schizophrenia patients in health system of Feixi and Feidong county.The care coordination of the health systems showed different characteristics for medical service to diabetes and schizophrenia patients,with the over provision (excess index ≥ 4.5) in institutions at village/community level and deficit provision (deficit index ≥ 1.5) in institutions at county/municipality level for service to diabetes patients,and the deficit provision (deficit index ≥ 6.8) in institutions at village/community level and both over and deficit provision in institutions at county/municipality level for service to schizophrenia patients.Conclusion The study results suggest that care coordination in health systems in Anhui province needs to be promoted by bridging discontinuous segment in medical service,advancing cooperation among medical institutions at different level,and making comprehensive arrangement within health systems.
Endowment intentions and their influencing factors among community elderly people with different abilities of daily living in urban Ji'nan
LIU Meng, MA Wei, YIN Xiang-ren.et al
2016, 32(10): 1301-1308. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-03
Abstract(1198) HTML (271) PDF 988KB(59)
Abstract:
Objective To investigate endowment intentions and their influencing factors among urban elderly people with different abilities of daily living,and to provide evidences for endowment resource allocation.Methods A total of 887 residents aged ≥40 years whose parents or parents-in-law lived in urban communities were selected from five urban communities in Ji'nan city of Shandong province with convenience sampling and investigated through a questionnaire survey during March 2011 to December 2015.Endowment intentions and their influencing factors among 1 381 elderly people with different abilities of daily living who lived in Ji'nan urban community were analyzed.Results Of all the elderly people,418 (30.3%)were reported with complete ability of daily living (ADL),478 (34.6%) with basic ADL,358 (25.9%) with partial ADL,and 127 (9.2%) with ADL disability.Based on the presentation of their children,almost all the elderly people (1341,97.1%) would choose home-based care and only a few elderly people (40,2.9%) select institution-based care,with 805 (58.3%) expecting to live with their children and not to hire a caregiver,151 (10.9%) with their children and to hire a caregiver,317 elderly (23.0%) with only themselves,68 (4.9%) with themselves but to hire a caregiver,17 (1.2%) with their children and go to a day-care center,and 23 (1.7%) expecting to live in an institution endowment,respectively.The results of unconditioned logistic regression analysis showed that the elderly aged ≥70 years and living with their children or grandchildren were more likely to choose to live with their children;the elderly aged ≥70 years,being single,living with their children or grandchildren,and with obvious mental retardation were more likely to choose to live with their children;the elderly without economic independence were more likely to choose to live with their children;while,the elderly people with senior high school or vocational school or higher education,living with someones other than their children were more likely to choose to hire a caregiver;the elderly being single but with basic ADL were more unlikely to choose to hire a caregiver;the elderly of male,with the education of senior high school or vocational school,and with basic ADL were more likely to choose to hire a caregiver;and the elderly without economic independence were more unlikely to choose to hire a caregiver.Conclusion Among the elderly people in urban Ji'nan,living with their children and not hiring a caregiver is a predominant endowment intention but the intention varies with the decline of their ability of daily living and the intention is mainly influenced by gender,age,education,marital status,residential pattern,economic condition,and mental status of the elderly.
Common anorectal diseases among urban residents in China
JIANG Wei, ZHANG Hong-xi, SUI Nan.et al
2016, 32(10): 1293-1296. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-01
Abstract(2033) HTML (527) PDF 953KB(329)
Abstract:
Objective To examine the prevalence of anorectal diseases and its influencing factors among urban residents in China.Methods Multi-stage cluster random sampling was adopted to recruit permanent urban residents aged ≥18 years in 31 provinces,autonomous regions,and municipalities across China for face-to-face interview and physical examination from 2013 through 2014.SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the data collected.Results Of the 42 792 residents with eligible response,21 885 reported suffering from anorectal diseases,with a reported prevalence rate of 51.14% (51.43% for the males and 50.80% for the females) and hemorrhoids was the main disease reported by the residents with a prevalence rate of 50.28%.The significant factors associated with the prevalence of the anorectal diseases were age,marriage status,education,employment status,working and life style,dietary habits,mental health state,bowel habit,familial history of anorectal disease,and blood pressure (P<0.001 for all).Conclusion The prevalence of anorectal diseases is relatively high among urban residents in China and intervention on factors associated with the diseases should be promoted among the residents.
Expression and significance of Lrig1 in colon cancer tissue and cell lines
GE Li-chun, LI Hong
2016, 32(10): 1343-1345. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-13
Abstract(905) HTML (174) PDF 1527KB(108)
Abstract:
Objective To detect the expression of leucine-rich repeats and immunoglobulin like domain protein 1 (Lrig1) in human colon cancer tissues and cell lines,normal colon tissue,and colonic epithelium and to compare the expressions in cancer and normal tissures.Methods We collected 70 colon adenocarcinoma tissue samples and 36 normal colon tissues adjacent to the tumors from 70 inpatients with surgery but without radiotherapy or chemotherapy before the operation.We used immunohistochemical method to detect Lrig1 expression in colon cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues;we also used reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) and Western blot to detect Lrig1 mRNA and protein in colonic epithelial cells;then the differences in the expressions in different tissues were analyzed.Results The expression of Lrig1 in colon cancer tissues (31.43%,22/70) was obviously lower than that (86.11%,31/36) in normal tissues adjacent to the tumor.The expression of Lrig1 in colon cancer tissues was correlated with the differentiation and staging of tumors and the status of lymph node metastasis (P<0.05 for all) but not related to tumor size,gender and age of the patients (P>0.05 for all).The results of RT-PCR illustrated that the relative expression of Lrig1 mRNA in colon cancer cells (SW480 and HCT116) was significantly lower than in normal colon epithelial cells (NCM460) (0.65±0.09 and 0.47±0.6 vs.0.95±0.12) (both P<0.05);the relative expressions of Lrig1 protein in the SW480 and HCT116 cells (0.71±0.06 and 0.54±0.05) were also significantly lower than that in the NCM460 cells (both P<0.05) based on the results of Western blot test.Conclusion Lrig1 may play the role of a cancer suppressor gene in the occurrence and development of colon cancer.
Influencing factors of two-week prevalence of not visiting a doctor among ill residents in urban and rural China
LI Yu-gang, CAO Xiao-lin, WU Hong-tao.et al
2016, 32(10): 1297-1300. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-02
Abstract(1317) HTML (360) PDF 953KB(215)
Abstract:
Objective To explore influencing factors of two-week prevalence of not visiting a doctor among ill residents in urban and rural China and to provide references for promoting health service utilization in the residents.Methods With multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling,all residents in 3 240 households were selected from 36 counties in 6 provinces across China.Data were collected via a face-to-face household survey using a self-designed questionnaire based on Anderson's behavior model for health service utilization.Chi-square test and binary logistic regression were used in data analyses.Results The two-week disease prevalence rate was 19.9% among the 10 376 respondents with valid information; of the ill respondents,the two-week prevalence of not visiting a doctor was 45.7%; the results of χ2 test and logistic regression analysis revealed a higher two-week prevalence rate of not visiting a doctor among the ill residents in urban areas than among those in rural areas (50.7% vs. 38.9%),among the ill males than among the ill females (48.5% vs. 43.6%),and among the ill residents in eastern and western China than among those in central China (50.8% and 52.9% vs. 33.5%).Significantly higher two-week prevalence rate of not visiting a doctor was verified among the ill residents aged 80 years or older (52.1%),with marital status of other than married or single (49.6%),with the education of high school or technical secondary school (51.0%),having per capita annual income of 3 001-5 000 RMB Yuan (52.3%),and taking more than 60 minutes to reach a medical institution at secondary level (57.3%) (P<0.05 for all).Conclusion The influencing factors of two-week prevalence rate of not visiting a doctor among ill residents in urban and rural China include residential area,region of hometown,age,gender,and the time for reaching a medical institution at secondary level; the results suggest that health education should be promoted among residents and health resource should be allocated properly in China.
Problems and problem system for food safety in China:a literature analysis
WU Hong-tao, GAO Run-guo, MA An-ning.et al
2016, 32(10): 1346-1351. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-14
Abstract(1035) HTML (248) PDF 1432KB(92)
Abstract:
Objective To sort out problems for food safety in China systematically and to identify the number of the problems and their interactive relationships,and to construct a problem system for food safety in China.Methods Literatures related to food safety in China published in core journals between 2003 and 2012 were searched through China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and of the 1 170 papers identified,790 were included in the study.The statements on problems for food safety in the literatures were extracted and summarized to compile a problem list and then a problem system was constructed based on the macro model of health system.Results Totally 34 problems for food safety in China were identified.In the problem system constructed,8 problems are about food supply process,17 about structure sheaf,5 about outcome sheaf,and 4 about exterior macroscopic environment.Conclusion Comprehensive and systemic understanding of problems for food safety in China and logical relationships among the problems is beneficial for the management of food safety problems.
Reduction of hexavalent chromium by Bacillus cereus Cr4-1
JIAO Shi-lin, ZHU Pei-lei, JIANG Pu.et al
2016, 32(10): 1326-1329. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-08
Abstract(1291) HTML (281) PDF 1614KB(82)
Abstract:
Objective To study the reduction of hexavalent chromium (Cr[VI])by Bacillus cereus (B.cereus) Cr4-1.Methods Effects of temperature,pH,initial Cr(VI) concentration and shaker speed on hexavalent chromium reduction and the growth of B.cereus were explored with orthogonal tests.Nine common carbon sources were used in the bacteria culture and Cr(VI) reduction test in order to screen the optimum carbon source and electron donor.Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe morphological changes of bacteria Cr4-1 before and after Cr(VI) reduction.Results The main factors influencing the growth of the bacteria were shaking speed and pH value.The main factors influencing the Cr(VI) reduction were initial Cr(VI) concentration and temperature.The better conditions for the bacterial growth and Cr(VI) reduction were the temperature of 35℃,pH value of 9,initial Cr(VI) concentration of 30 mg/L,and the shaking speed of 150 r/min.Sodium lactate was the best carbon source for bacterial growth and Cr(VI) reduction,followed by sodium pyruvate.Toxic effect of Cr(VI) on B.cereus Cr4-1 strain during Cr(VI) reduction process at the initial Cr(VI) concentration of 30 and 60 mg/L was observed with transmission electron microscope and the effect was positively correlated with the initial Cr(VI) concentration.Conclusion Bacillus cereus Cr4-1 presents good efficiency in bioreduction of hexavalent chromium and could be used in practical application.
Damage effect of ultraviolet B on HaCaT cells
LIU Jian-bao, HOU Hai-feng, LIU Ya-qi.et al
2016, 32(10): 1330-1332. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-09
Abstract(874) HTML (196) PDF 982KB(101)
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effect of ultraviolet B (UVB) on HaCaT cells for providing technical support to prevention of ultraviolet damage.Methods Cultured HaCaT cells were exposed to UVB at intensity of 0,10,30,and 60 mJ/cm2 and subsequently incubated for 12 hours.Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to detect proliferation rates of HaCaT cells exposed to different intensities of UVB.Commet method was used to detect DNA damage of the HaCaT cells.Results The early apoptotic rates of control group,10,30,and 60 mJ/cm2 UVB groups were 1.2±0.14%,2.23±0.37 %,4.13±0.29%,and 5.97±0.17%;the late apoptotic rates were 2±0.13%,7.63±0.52%,23.36±0.98%,and 40.46±1.39%,with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).The tail moments (TM) of control group,10,30,and 60 mJ/cm2 UVB groups were 0.13±0.25,21.78±2.31,53.48±5.66,and 79.16±7.47;the olive tail moments (OTM) were 0.32±0.47,16.17±1.96,36.43±2.89,and 51.71±1.87,with statistically significant difference (P<0.05).Conclusion UVB can induce cell apoptosis and DNA damage and DNA damage may be one of the causes of some rare diseases among residents living in plateau area.
Awareness,prejudice and discrimination towards HBV infection in general population in Shanghai
REN Hong, SHI Yang, LI Yan-ting.et al
2016, 32(10): 1309-1314. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-04
Abstract(1148) HTML (299) PDF 978KB(161)
Abstract:
Objective To explore statuses of awareness,prejudice and discrimination towards hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and their related factors among residents of Shanghai municipality.Methods A representative sample of general population (n=4 760) was randomly recruited via multi-stage stratified sampling from 8 districts in Shanghai.Demographics,awareness,prejudice and discrimination towards HBV infection of the participants were collected with a self-designed questionnaire.Non-conditional logistic regression analysis was applied to explore influencing factors of social prejudice and discrimination of HBV infection.Results The majority of the participants had the education of high school or above and the mean age of the participants was 45.87±22.30 years.The information sources of knowledge about viral hepatitis control and prevention were mainly television,radio,and pamphlets.The correct answer rate for questions "Would do you accept hepatitis B vaccination?" and "Is viral hepatitis is contagious?" was about 80%(3 808/4 760),whereas the rate was only 15.08%(718/4 760)for the question on transmission routes of viral hepatitis.Of the participants,19.43%(925/4 760)and 35.63% (1 697/4 760) showed social prejudice and discriminative attitudes towards HBV infection.Non-conditional logistic regression analysis indicated that the promoting factors for eradicating social prejudice and discrimination towards HBV infection were aged ≤60 years,being familiar with prevention knowledge of viral hepatitis,acceptance of hepatitis B vaccination,and willingness to acquire HBV related knowledge from web,newspaper and pamphlets.Conclusion The presence of prejudice and discrimination against individuals with HBV infection is mainly due to the lack of HBV related knowledge among the residents of Shanghai,suggesting patterns and contents of health education on HBV infections should be adjusted.
Preparation,characterization and antitumor effect of ursolic acid lysinate
ZHANG Li-juan, ZHONG Jia-liang, ZHANG Yi-xin
2016, 32(10): 1322-1325. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-07
Abstract(922) HTML (213) PDF 1194KB(105)
Abstract:
Objective To prepare and characterize ursolic acid lysinate,and to study the antitumor effect of ursolic acid lysinate on human hepatoma cell line Bel7402.Methods Ursolic acid lysinate was prepared by co-grinding 1:1 molar mixture of ursolic acid and lysine for 12 hours.Characterization of ursolic acid lysinate was achieved by powder X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy techniques.High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)method was used to study the solubilization of ursolic acid lysinate.The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT)method was used to assay the antitumor activity of ursolic acid lysinate.Results The solubility of ursolic acid lysinate was improved significantly as compared to ursolic acid in water.The antitumor activity on human hepatoma cell line Bel7402 of ursolic acid lysinate was enhanced significantly than that of ursolic acid.Conclusion The water solubility and antitumor effect on human hepatoma cell line of ursolic acid lysinate may be potentially useful for its application as a new pharmaceutical formulation in cancer treatment in the future.
Status and influencing factors of depression among newly married couples
XIE Qian-ru, CAI Heng, GUO Feng.et al
2016, 32(10): 1361-1364. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-17
Abstract(1244) HTML (231) PDF 957KB(70)
Abstract:
Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of depression among newly married couples,and to provide evidences for the promotion of mental health among the population.Methods Totally 1 056 newly married couples were recruited when they taking premarital medical examination in Hefei Municipal Maternal and Child Health Center.General demographic characteristics and self-rating depression status of the couples were investigated with an anonymous questionnaire survey.Results The rate of depression was 31.2%among 2 112 newly married persons.The rate of depression in the women (37.7%) was higher than that in the men (24.7%),with a significant difference (χ2=41.596,P<0.001).Higher depression rates were reported by the persons aged<25 years (36.8%),with the education of junior high school or bellow (50.6%),having monthly income of ≤1 000 RMB Yuan (47.0%),remarried (45.8%),from a single parent family (40.4%),reporting good marriage for his or her father (44.3%),and reporting bad marriage for his or her mother (40.4%).The results of multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that the prevalence of depression was associated with previous marital status (odds ratio[OR]=2.39 for the remarried compared to the first married)and education level (OR=0.30 for those with higher education compared to with lower education) among the male newly married people;the prevalence of depression was associated with education level (OR=0.33 for those with higher education compared to with lower education),monthly income (OR=0.37 for those with monthly income of more than 4 000 Yuan compared to less than 1 000 Yuan),and family structure (OR=2.16 for those form a single-parent family compared to from a nuclear family) among the female newly married people.Conclusion There are gender differences in the influence factors of depression among newly married couples and more attentions should be paid to mental health of newly married females with lower education level.
Mechanism of asymmetric dimethylarginine-induced oxidative stress and autophagy in rat cardiomyocytes
WU Bin, ZENG Ting-ting, ZENG De-heng.et al
2016, 32(10): 1319-1322. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-06
Abstract(1077) HTML (227) PDF 1189KB(129)
Abstract:
Objective To investigate asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA)-induced changes in reactive oxygen species and beclin-1 expression and the mechanism of ADMA-mediated beclin-1 expression in rat cardiomyocytes.Methods Rat cardiomyocyes H9c2(2-1) were cultured in high glucose Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium (DMEM) and supplemented with 10%fetal bovine serum at 37℃ in a humidified 5%CO2 incubator.Changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in H9c2(2-1) cells treated with different doses (3,5,10,15,20,and 30 μmol/L) of ADMA were examined with flow cytometry.Protein levels of beclin-1,PI3kinase-p110α and phosphorylation levels of serine/threonine kinase (AKT) ser473 were analyzed with Western blot and corresponding cell survival rates were detected.Results Compared with the control group,the levels of ROS in ADMA treated cells increased markedly (9.86±0.86,15.91±0.97,19.15±3.13,28.76±1.69,29.57±1.99,and 35.09±2.22;all P<0.05);the protein levels of beclin-1 in ADMA treated cells increased significantly(90.3±6.5,76.2±8.7,76.2±6.4,71.4±5.6,67.8±5.0,63.5±4.2,and 61.2±6.9,all P<0.05);levels of PI3kinase-p110α and phosphorlation levels of AKT ser473 decreased markedly (both P<0.05).ADMA significantly reduced cell viability (P<0.05),and the cell viability was correlated with ADMA levels in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion ADMA enhances ROS generation in rat cardiac H9c2(2-1) cells.Upregulation of beclin-1 could be induced by ADMA through downregulation of PI3K-p110α and phosphorylation of AKT ser473.
Risk factors of overweight/obesity in Chinese child aged 7-18: a meta-analysis
ZHOU Ting, WANG Wan-yi, SUN Xiao-meng.et al
2016, 32(10): 1444-1448. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-39
Abstract(1422) HTML (368) PDF 978KB(153)
Abstract:
Objective To explore risk factors of overweight/obesity in Chinese children aged 7 to 18 years and to provide references for intervention on overweight/obesity among the children.Methods A systematic search for literatures on risk factors of overweight/obesity in Chinese children aged 7-18 years published from January 2003 to April 2016 was conducted throuhg seven electronic databases (including China Biological Medicine,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Chongqing VIP Database,WanFang Database,Pubmed,Medline,and Excerpta Medica Database) and the search was supplemented with manual retrieval.A meta-analysis was performed adopting RevMan 4.4.2.Results Totally 23 studies (13 published in Chinese and 10 in English) involving 126 563 participants (22 909 cases and 103654 controls) were included in the analysis.The results revealed that male gender (odds ratio[OR]=1.92,95% confidence interval[95%CI]=1.69-2.18),residing in urban area (OR=1.68,95%CI=1.28-2.21),with a birth weight higher than 4 kilograms (OR=1.98,95%CI=1.31-2.99),maternal overweight (OR=2.28,95%CI=1.82-2.84),paternal overweight (OR=1.84,95%Cl=1.61,2.10),having sedentary behavior of longer than one hour perday (OR=1.55,95%CI=1.30-1.85),and inadequate sleep duration (OR=1.47,95%CI=1.27-1.69)were associated with overweight/obesity among the children.Sensitivity analysis and bias estimation showed no publication bias for the studies included and the results were reliable.Conclusion Being a boy,residing in urban area,having an overweight father and/or mother,sedentary behavior,and inadequate sleep duration are main influencing factors of overweight and obesity among Chinese children aged 7 to 18 years.
Epidemiological and post-injury psychological characteristics of fracture cases among elementary and middle school students in Shenzhen,China
ZHOU Li, HUANG Yuan-yuan, XIONG Hua-wei.et al
2016, 32(10): 1393-1396. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-25
Abstract(1025) HTML (254) PDF 958KB(101)
Abstract:
Objective To examine characteristics of fracture incidence and mental profile of fracture cases among elementary and middle school students in Shenzhen city and to provide references for fracture control and prevention.Methods Data on fracture incidents reported from September 2013 through June 2015 among primary and middle school students were extracted from Shenzhen Municipal School Health Surveillance Information System and a face-to-face interview was conducted among the fracture cases recruited with a self-designed questionnaire.Results A total of 426 fracture incidents were reported among the students covered by the surveillance system during the period,with an incidence rate of 7.9‰.Of the fracture cases reported,81.9% were boys and only 18.1% were girls and 46.5% were middle school students.Of all the fractures,31.7% were related to playing and 23.5% to playing football or basketball.Nearly a half (49.1%) of the reported fractures occurred in playgrounds and the top two body parts were wrist (28.2%) and forearm (24.6%).Among the students with fracture,the proportions reporting psychological problems after the injury were 21.5% for anxiety/stress,14.8% for being distressed,16.0% for regret,10.5% for sadness,and 2.6% for insomnia,respectively.Conclusion Specific health education and intervention measures on fracture prevention should be implemented among primary and middle school students with different features.
Risk factors of chronic post-surgical pain after orthopedic surgery in patients with extremity fracture
ZHANG Ke-min, SUN Bao-guo, LI Wei
2016, 32(10): 1415-1417. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-31
Abstract(985) HTML (216) PDF 948KB(42)
Abstract:
Objective To investigate influencing factors of chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP)in patients with extremity fracture after orthopedic surgery and to provide references for postoperative rehabilitation of the patients.Methods Totally 389 extremity fracture patients with orthopedics from January 2011 to January 2015 at Binzhou Central Hospital were recruited and assigned into a case group (109 with CPSP) and a control group (280 without CPSP).Medical records and follow-up information of all the patients were collected and analyzed.Results The incidence of CPSP among all the patients was 28.02%.Unconditional multivariate logistic regression revealed that major risk factors of CPSP included high energy injury (odds ratio [OR]=1.567),lower limb fracture (OR=1.896),open fracture (OR=1.930),with a second operation (OR=1.302),complicated with osteoporosis (OR=1.628),and with general anesthesia (OR=1.309) or brachial plexus anesthesia (OR=1.295)among the patients.Conclusion The occurrence of chronic post-surgical pain is associated with injury cause,injury site,fracture type,anesthesia method,whether with a secondary surgery,and whether complicated with osteoporosis among patients with extremity fracture after orthopedic surgery.
Oral health and its influencing factors among children in Tai'an municipality
FENG Wei, SUN Kan, ZHANG Shi-jian
2016, 32(10): 1387-1390. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-23
Abstract(896) HTML (174) PDF 963KB(93)
Abstract:
Objective To examine the status and influencing factors of oral health status among children in Tai'an city of Shandong province,and to provide references for promoting oral health in the population.Methods Using age-stratified random sampling,three groups of children aged <6,6-10,and >10 years (500 in each group) were recruited and a survey including oral disease examination and questionnaire interview among their caregivers were conducted between January and March 2015.Results Of the 1 471 children (489 of <6,492 of 6-10,and 490 of >10 years old),429 were detected with oral diseases,with a prevalence rate of 29.16%.There were significant age-differences in the prevalence rates of dental caries (15.10%),calculus (11.43%),and oral ulcer (10.20%) among the children (P<0.05 for all) and the highest age-specific prevalence rate of the three oral diseases were observed among the children of >10 years old.Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that aged ≥6 years was a risk factor,while eating snacks ≤4 days per week,having tooth brushing before the age of 3 years,and being supervised for tooth brushing and oral hygiene by parents were protective factors of oral diseases among the children.Conclusion Oral diseases are prevalent among the children,especially among those >10 years old,in Tai'an municipality and are mainly influenced by age,frequency of eating snacks,the age of taking tooth brushing,and parents' supervision on tooth brushing and oral hygiene.
Associations of anger while driving and driving style with aggressive behaviors in drivers
JIA Yun-fan, ZHANG Li-bin, DUAN Ya-ni.et al
2016, 32(10): 1373-1377. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-20
Abstract(1319) HTML (414) PDF 971KB(132)
Abstract:
Objective To explore correlations between road rage,driving style and aggressive driving behaviors in drivers.Methods A self-filled questionnaire survey was conducted among 313 drivers (196 males and 117 females) aged 18 years or above selected with convenience sampling in 3 cities of Hebei province in June 2015.Multi-dimension Driving Style Scale,Anger Expression Scale,and Driving Style Scale were adopted in the study.Results The female drivers showed significantly lower scores for risky driving (18.89±6.08 vs.20.57±4.94),angry driving (14.27±4.58 vs.16.88±4.66),and anxious driving (30.01±9.78 vs.32.78±7.23) (P<0.01 for all).The drivers with the driving experience of less than 2 years and 2-5 years had significantly higher dimensional scores of aggressive driving behaviors (neglecting others,occupying driving space,having unnecessary overtaking,and conducting personal assailment) than the drivers with the driving experience of more than 5 years (P<0.05 for all).There were significant differences in dimensional scores of angry driving (behavior intensity,behavior frequency,verbal aggression,venting to car,and self-adjustment)between the professional drivers and non-professional drivers (P<0.01 for all).The private car drivers had significantly lower dimensional scores for angry driving (behavior intensity,behavior frequency,verbal aggression,and venting to car)than the drivers of other kinds of motor vehicles (P<0.01 for all).Significantly positive correlations were observed between risky driving,anxious driving and dimensional factors of angry emotion (P<0.01 for all) and dimensional factors of aggressive driving behavior (P<0.05 for all); angry driving was positively correlated to dimensional factors of angry driving (behavior intensity,behavior frequency,verbal aggression,and self-adjustment) and dimensional factors of aggressive driving (neglecting others,occupying driving space,fast driving,and having unnecessary overtaking) significantly(P<0.05 for all).Anxious driving was a predictor of aggressive driving behavior(β=1.830,P<0.001).Conclusion Road rage and driving style of a driver are influenced by the driver's gender,years of driving,the type of the car driven,and whether being a professional driver.The drivers with higher scores of driving style scale and intensive expression of angry emotion are more likely to have aggressive driving behaviors.
Associations of ERCC1 expression and gene polymorphism with survival of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
ZHOU Jian, WU Lie
2016, 32(10): 1418-1421. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-32
Abstract(916) HTML (179) PDF 1190KB(92)
Abstract:
Objective To explore relationships between the expression of excision repair cross complementing 1 protein (ERCC1) and its gene polymorphism and the survival time of patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)and to provide references for the prevention and treatment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Totally 108 ESCC inpatients receiving postoperation adjuvant chemotherapy at Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences were randomly selected between January 2011 and October 2012.ERCC1 protein expression was detected with immunohistochemical method and expression frequencies of allele loci C8092A and C118T of ERCC1 gene were determined with PCR.The participants were followed up for 40 months to collect information about survival.Results The positive rate of ERCC1 protein expression was 51.9%(56/108) among the patients.The median survival times were 29.7 and 31.4 months for the patients positive and negative to ERCC1 protein expression,without significant difference (P>0.05).The frequencies of ERCC1 gene C8092A loci were 17.6%(19 patients)for CC,41.7%(45) for CA,and 40.7%(44) for AA and those of C118T were 60.2%(65)for CC,27.8%(30) for CT,and 12.1%(13) for TT,respectively.The median survival times were 31.5 and 32.0 months for the patients with CC and CA allele of C8092A locus and were significantly longer than that (24.5) of the patients with AA(P<0.05); the median survival times were 30.5,30.0,and 29.0 months for the patients with CC,CT,and TT allele of C118T loci,without significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion ERCC1 protein expression is not significantly associated with the survival of ESCC patients and the polymorphism of C8092A locus of ERCC1 gene relates at certain extent to the survival of ESCC patients.
Characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome patients under 16 years old in Xi'an municipality,2005-2014
XING Yuan, CAI Zheng-hua, LI Qin-li.et al
2016, 32(10): 1390-1392. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-24
Abstract(1013) HTML (233) PDF 953KB(74)
Abstract:
Objective To describe the characteristics of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS)patients aged less than 16 years for the prevention of HFRS among unvaccinated populations.Methods Case records of HFRS patients under 16 years old reported between 2005 and 2014 in Xi'an municipality were extracted from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention and analyzed statistically.Colloidal gold kit was adopted to detect anti-hantavirus immunoglobulin M (IgM) among the patients at the hospital admission.Results Of the 664 HFRS cases reported during the 10-year period,65.1% were males,with a male to female ratio of 2.6:1.The average age of the reported cases was 12.8 years.No differences in case characteristics were observed between the HFRS incidents during pandemic period and other time.Totally 97.4% of the reported cases had anti-hantavirus IgM detection and 85.4% of the cases tested were positive.The median hospitalization duration was 10 days.There was a positive correlation between the symptom severity and the outcome at hospital discharge.Conclusion The clinical characteristics of HFRS cases reported in pandemic duration was generally consistent with those occurred during other periods and the application of colloidal gold kit improved early diagnosis of the disease among the patients less than 16 years old in Xi'an municipality.
External environment monitoring on avian influenza A(H7N9)virus in Guangzhou city,2013-2015
LIU Jing-wen, LIU Hui, LU Jian-yun.et al
2016, 32(10): 1382-1386. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-22
Abstract(1018) HTML (242) PDF 1150KB(110)
Abstract:
Objective To analyze the results of external environment monitoring on avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Guangzhou city of Guangdong province form 2013 to 2015,and to provide references for the prevention and control of human infection with H7N9 virus.Methods Totally 9 536 swab samples were randomly collected in regular intervals at live poultry retail outlets and wholesale markets,poultry farms,poultry free-range farmers,and wild migratory bird habitats in 12 counties or districts of Guangzhou municipality between February 2013 and May 2015.Nucleic acid of H7N9 avian influenza virus was detected with real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.Results For all the swab specimens,the overall positive rate of H7N9 avian influenza virus was 3.13% and the yearly positive rates were 0.28%,4.57%,and 2.02% in 2013,2014,and 2015,respectively.Higher H7N9 avian influenza virus positive rates were observed for the samples collected at sampling sites in Yuexiu,Tianhe,Huangpu,Nansha,and Liwan district and for the samples collected during the 13th week (15.76%),15th week(23.84%),and 28th week (30.00%) of 2014.The positive rate of H7N9 avian influenza virus was 3.65%and 1.34% for the samples collected at live poultry retail outlets and wholesale markets and there were no positive samples were detected among the samples collected at poultry farms,poultry free-range farmers,and wild migratory bird habitats.The highest H7N9 avian influenza virus positive rate was 4.38% for the swab specimens of slop pail,sewage,and ground; the positive rates were 3.34% and 1.67% for the swab samples collected from terrestrial birds (chicken) and waterfowls (ducks and geese).Conclusion Contamination of H7N9 avian influenza virus exists in external environments involved in poultry raising and live poultry selling;live poultry retail outlets and wholesale markets are the sites with higher risk of human H7N9 avian influenza virus infection in Guangzhou municipality.
Progress in researches on autophagic cell death and its relationship with apoptosis and necrosis
WANG Yue-xia, CHEN Min
2016, 32(10): 1433-1436. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-36
Abstract(1701) HTML (1488) PDF 954KB(356)
Abstract:
Autophagy is a highly regulated intracellular degradative process by which cells remove cytosolic long-lived proteins and damaged organelles.Although autophagy is regarded as a regular degradative process maintaining cellular homeostasis,this process also represents one mode of programmed cell death.Although there are significant differences between autophagic cell death,apoptosis and necrosis in the metabolic and morphologic changes,it is revealed that there are extensive crosstalks in autophagic cell death,apoptosis and necrosis.Therefore,it is important to investigate the relationship obetween autophagy,apoptosis and necrosis to provide clues for effective prevention and treatment of relevant diseases.
Behavioral development and its relationship with mental and psychomotor development among rural infants of 30-month-old in Shaanxi province
YANG Xue, ZHU Zhong-hai, LIU Dan-li.et al
2016, 32(10): 1368-1372. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-19
Abstract(1009) HTML (239) PDF 959KB(170)
Abstract:
Objective To explore the characteristics of behavioral development and its relationship with mental and psychomotor development among rural 30-month-old infants in Shaanxi province.Methods Totally 977 rural infants born between 2002 and 2006 in 2 counties in Shaanxi province were followed up retrospectively and their mental,psychomotor,and behavior development at the age of 30 months were assessed by using Bayley Scales of Infant Development(BSID).Exploratory factor analysis was performed to extract the major factors.Spearman and partial correlation were used to evaluate associations of mental and psychomotor development with behavioral development.Results The 30-month-old infants had relative higher scores for cooperativeness (3.9±0.8),emotional tone (4.1±0.6),object orientation (3.9±0.7),endurance (4.1±0.5),and sights (3.9±0.5),but lower scores for fearfulness (1.7±0.8),tension (2.5±0.6),and sucking thumb or fingers (1.1±0.5),respectively,suggesting the enhanced positive emotion and declined negative emotion among the infants.Exploratory factor analysis revealed 6 common factors (activity,social adaptability,concentration,endurance,motor coordination,and affinity) associated with mental development index (MDI) and the 6 factors accounted for 56.77%variation of MDI,with the adjusted correlation coefficients ranging from 0.081 to 0.359;however,of the 6 factors only 4 (activity,concentration,endurance,and motor coordination)were significantly correlated with psychomotor development index (PDI),with the adjusted correlation coefficients of from 0.080 to 0.475.In all of behavior factors,activity factor was most closely correlated with MDI and PDI.Conclusion Well developed behavior is positively associated with MDI and PDI.Early education and intervention targeted on abnormal infant behavior could help to improving infant behavior development,cognitive abilities and motor skills.
Association of satisfaction to school life with depression and anxiety symptoms among middle school students in Shaoxing city
XING Chao, TAO Fang-biao, TU Chun-yu.et al
2016, 32(10): 1397-1400. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-26
Abstract(1244) HTML (265) PDF 958KB(92)
Abstract:
Objective To explore the association of satisfaction to school life with depressive and anxious symptoms among middle school students,and to provide evidences for mental health education in the students.Methods A total of 3 197 boys and girls were recruited from 2 middle schools in Shaoxing city.Depression Self-Rating Scale for Children (DSRSC) and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) were used to assess the mental health status,and the satisfaction to school life was evaluated with School Life Satisfaction Rating Questionnaire for Adolescents (SLSRQA) among the students.Results The prevalence of dissatisfaction to school life,depression,and anxiety were 24.55%,38.04%,and 19.74%,respectively.The Pearson correlation coefficients between satisfaction to school life and depression,anxiety were -0.378 and -0.182 (P<0.001).The scores of depression and anxiety symptoms were significantly decreased with the increase of the score of the satisfaction to school life (P<0.001).The results of multivariate logistic regression showed that depression and anxiety were the risk factors of dissatisfaction to school life,with the odds ratios of 2.830 (95% confidence interval:2.353-3.404) and 1.396 (1.130-1.725),respectively.Conclusion The status of depression and anxiety is serious among middle school students in Shaoxing city.There are statistic correlations between satisfaction to school life and negative emotions.
Implementation of folic acid supplementation project for neural tube defects prevention
FAN Si, YUAN Zhao-kang
2016, 32(10): 1422-1425. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-33
Abstract(1107) HTML (352) PDF 1278KB(129)
Abstract:
The health effect of folic acid,especially on pregnancy complications and birth defects,has been widely studied.In this paper,the effect of folic acid,the relation between folic acid and neural tube defects (NTDs),and the research status of folic acid supplementation to women of childbearing age to prevent NTDs were reviewed and the problems existing in folic acid supplementation were analyzed to provide references for effective and extensive implementation of folic acid supplementation to prevent NTDs.
Prehospital first aid of pediatric scald and its awareness among parents of children
WANG Mian, XIONG Bei-dou, CHEN Xiao-li
2016, 32(10): 1426-1429. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-34
Abstract(1045) HTML (218) PDF 955KB(61)
Abstract:
Scald is prone to occur in young children.A serious scald may induce disability.As main caregivers of children,parents should not only work hard in taking effective preventive measures,but also do well in possessing adequate prehospital first aid knowledge to deal with such unintentional injury correctly.However,parents in many countries,including in China,are not well acquired with prehospital first aid knowledge for pediatric scald.This paper describes pediatric scald and its relevant first aid knowledge and its awareness among parents of children,and presents some suggestions for interventions on this issue at same time.
Living habits among pre-school children in Qingdao city
ZHAO Ding-hui, WANG Wen-yuan, HAN Xiu-xia.et al
2016, 32(10): 1410-1412. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-29
Abstract(1504) HTML (387) PDF 954KB(211)
Abstract:
Objective To examine current situation of living habits among pre-school children and to provide evidences for promoting healthy living habits among pre-school children.Methods Random cluster sampling was used to select 1 111 pre-school children aged 3-6 years from 4 model kindergartens in urban areas of Qingdao city and a questionnaire survey was conducted among the parents of the pre-school children.Results Of the preschoolers,29.4%spent averagely more than 2 hours per day for watching television (TV) and playing with electronic products;5.1%kept less than 2 meters from the screen when watching TV;30.8% had incorrect posture when reading or watching TV;only 10.9% did eye exercises frequently.Among the preschoolers,59.3% had oral rinse after meals;51.0% had regular oral examination;58.5%were used to take snacks;43.3%had food preference or food avoidance;56.5% had desserts frequently;and 72.4% liked to have meat food.There were 64.0%of the preschoolers unable to have meals quietly and independently,25.9% with behaviors of fingernail-gnawing or lip biting,and 31.9% with hyperaction or inattention.Conclusion There are problems in living habits among preschool children and the condition should be concerned and intervened.
Inflammatory mechanisms of maternal overweight or obesity-induced neurodevelopmental disorders
GE Xing, HUANG Kun, TAO Fang-biao
2016, 32(10): 1429-1432. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-35
Abstract(873) HTML (200) PDF 959KB(75)
Abstract:
The epidemic of overweight and obesity in women of childbearing age is outstanding and has become a global health concern.Moreover,studies have shown that pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive weight gain during pregnancy increase the risk of neurodevelopmental disorders of offspring.However,the mechanism underlying maternal overweight or obesity-induced neurodevelopmental disorders is not clear.Emerging researches suggest that systemic and placental inflammation caused by maternal overweight or obesity may mediate the occurrence of offspring neurodevelopmental disorders.This review focuses on maternal systemic and placental inflammation caused by pre-pregnancy and excessive weight gain during pregnancy,and how these inflammations result in neurodevelopmental disorders in the offspring.
Construction of reverse genetics system for recombinant entervirus 71
LI Jing, SUN Le-le, HAO Shu-bin.et al
2016, 32(10): 1437-1440. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-37
Abstract(1079) HTML (203) PDF 1899KB(59)
Abstract:
Objective To recombine 3C and 3CD region of virulent strain SDLY107 and low virulent strain SDLY1 of entervirus 71(EV71)with reverse genetics,and to rescue recombinant viruses.Methods Recombinant fragments,3C(1)-3D-3'UTR(107)and 3CD(1)-3'UTR(107),were obtained with PCR,and then cloned to pMD19-T.3CD-3'UTR of pMD19-T-107 constructed previously was replaced by recombinant 3CD-3'UTR through double digestion and ligase T4 to construct recombinant pMD19-T-107.Then the in vitro synthesized RNA transcripts were transfected into rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cells to produce the rescued recombinant virus,SDLY 107(1-3C)and SDLY 107(1-3CD).DNA sequences of the recombinant viruses were analyzed.Results The full length cDNA clone was constructed successfully.After 36 hours of third passages,cytopathic effect(CPE)was observed,and the CPE was observed obviously after 48 hours,suggesting the recombinant viruses were rescued successfully.There were a few differences between the CPE induced by recombinant viruses and SDLY107.Conclusion Reverse genetics system for recombinant EV71 was constructed successfully,and recombinant viruses were rescued successfully.The study lays a foundation for further research on pathogenesis of EV71.
Correlation between blood lipids and hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with cerebral infarction
WANG Ning-ning, YANG Xiao-shan, ZHANG Hong-zhao.et al
2016, 32(10): 1412-1414. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-30
Abstract(858) HTML (157) PDF 957KB(102)
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the correlations between blood lipids and hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 884 cerebral infarction patients were selected from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University and divided into two groups according to their levels of homocysteine.The association of blood lipids with hyperhomocysteinemia was analyzed.Results High density lipoproteinl cholesterol (HDL) was associated with hyperhomocysteinemia (χ2=17.193,P<0.0001),with an odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval[95% CI]) of 0.420 (0.277-0.638);HDL was also associated with hyperhomocysteinemia with the OR (95% CI)) of 0.352(0.223-0.554) after adjusting for age,sex,education level,smoking,alcohol drinking,and diabetes.Conclusion HDL is a protective factor of hyperhomocysteinemia in patients with cerebral infarction,and the decrease of HDL can increase the incidence of hyperhomocysteinemia.
Detection of waterborne norovirus with realtime fluorescense quantitative RT-PCR
WANG Yu, REN Li-na, DU Xi-qiao.et al
2016, 32(10): 1441-1444. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-38
Abstract(1084) HTML (267) PDF 1138KB(97)
Abstract:
Objective To establish a method for waterborn norovirus enrichment and detection with realtime reverse transcription(RT)-PCR.Methods Norovirus positive fecal samples were diluted gradiently with purified water;the simulated water samples were filtered through a microbial purification system with cation mixed cellulose acetate membrane and added with 20%PEG6000;then the virions in the samples were obtained with two times of high-speed centrifugation and the nucleic acids of the virus were extracted and detected with fluorescence quantitative realtime RT-PCR.Results Fluorescence quantitative realtime RT-PCR revealed a good amplification of recombinant plasmid (T-NVS)with a linear correlation of 98%;the detection limit of the established method for norovirus was 100 copies/μL.After the enrichment,the virus recovery rate ranged form 5.75% to 19.74% for the simulated water samples with the dilution ratios of 10 to 1 000.Conclusion A method for enrichment and detection of norovirus in water samples was preliminarily established.
Association of MTHFR gene polymorphism with congenital heart disease
LI Dong, YU Kun-kun, MA Yan-hui.et al
2016, 32(10): 1377-1381. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-21
Abstract(1210) HTML (266) PDF 974KB(95)
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the association between polymorphism of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) and the risk of congenital heart disease (CHD) and to provide references for CHD control.Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in 2012 among 150 children with simple CHD and 150 healthy children vistiting the same hospital for physical examination.The genotypes of MTHFR C677T,A1298C,G1793A of the participants were determined with polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP) and analyzed.Results Compared with the wild CC genotype,the heterozygosity (CT) of MTHFR C677T is associated with the increased risk of CHD (odds ratio[OR]=2.249,95%confidence interval[95%CI]:1.305-3.877,P=0.003) and the homozygous mutant genotype (TT) is associated with the increased risk of CHD significantly (OR=3.121,95%CI:1.612-6.043,P=0.001);compared with the wild allete (C),the mutant allete (T) of MTHFR C677T is associated increased risk of CHD (OR=1.813,95%CI:1.310-2.508,P=0.000).Compared with wild AA genotype,the heterozygosity (AC) of MTHFR A1298C is associated with the increased the risk of CHD (OR=2.177,95%CI:1.183-4.077;P=0.011) and the mutant allete (C) is associated with the increased risk of CHD (OR=2.017,95%CI:1.128-3.604;P=0.016).No statistical differences in the frequencies of the heterozygote (GA) and homozygote (AA) and the mutant and wild allete of MTHFR G1793A were observed between the cases and the controls (P=0.145,P=0.158).There are joint effects of MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C,MTHFR A1298C and MTHFR G1793A on the risk of CHD.Conclusion These findings suggest that genetic polymorphism in MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C might contribute to the risk of CHD incidence and there are interactions for the effects of MTHFR C677T and MTHFR A1298C,MTHFR A1298C and MTHFR G1793A.
Association between XPG gene polymorphisms and susceptibility to gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma
ZHOU Rong-miao, WANG Na, HUANG Xi.et al
2016, 32(10): 1401-1405. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-27
Abstract(1080) HTML (191) PDF 977KB(168)
Abstract:
Objective To evaluate the association of xeroderma pigmentosum group G (XPG) gene rs751402 C/T and rs873601 G/A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with the risk of gastric cardiac adenocarcinoma (GCA) in a population of Ci county with high incidence of GCA in Hebei province.Methods XPG gene rs751402 and rs873601 were genotyped with polymerase chain reaction ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR) method in 431 GCA patients and 432 gender- and age-matched healthy controls.Results The younger individuals (≤61 years old) with XPG rs751402 T/T genotype showed an increased risk of GCA (adjusted odds ratio [OR]=1.77,95% confidence interval [95% CI]=1.12-3.30).No association of XPG rs873601 SNP with the susceptibility to GCA was observed either in overall analysis or in stratification analysis among the participants.Conclusion The XPG rs751402 T/T genotype carriers may have a higher risk of GCA.
Risk factors of esophageal and stomach cancer and their clustering in Dafeng municipality: a case-control study
GU Xiao-ping, WANG Yin-cun, ZHI Heng-kui.et al
2016, 32(10): 1406-1409. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2016-32-10-28
Abstract(1320) HTML (262) PDF 957KB(101)
Abstract:
Objective To analyze risk factors of esophageal and gastric cancer and the clustering of these factors in Dafeng municipality of Jiangsu province and to provide references for prevention and control of esophageal and gastric cancer.Methods A case-control study was conducted among 526 and 504 first-diagnosed esophageal and stomach cancer patients registered in population-based cancer registry and 607 and 629 age-,gender-matched healthy controls randomly selected from permanent local residents during October 2002 to November 2010;all participants were interviewed face-to-face with a self-designed questionnaire.Results Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that irregular eating,eating fast,preference for hot and salty food,cigarette smoking,and alcohol drinking were risk factors for esophageal cancer and eating fast,preference for hot and salty food,not eating garlic,and cigarette smoking were risk factors for stomach cancer after adjusting for gender,age,education level,marriage and annual household income ten-year ago.There were significant differences between the cases and the controls in the proportions of having 3 risk factors (32.5% vs.26.2%) and ≥4 risk factors (17.9% vs.7.0%) for esophageal cancer and having 3 risk factors (41.1% vs.35.3%) and ≥4 risk factors (19.0% vs.7.1%) for gastric cancer,respectively (P<0.001 for all);the results of unconditional logistic regression analysis also showed that after adjusting confounding factors,the participants with 3 and ≥4 risk factors of esophageal or gastric cancer had significantly increased risk of esophageal cancer (odds ratio[OR]=2.58,95% confidence interval[95%CI]=1.80-3.69 and OR=5.34,95%CI=3.34-8.55) or gastric caner (OR=2.14,95%CI=1.44-3.18 and OR=5.05,95%CI=3.05-8.36) compared to those with ≤1 relevant risk factors.Conclusion Eating fast,preference for hot eating and cigarette smoking are common risk factors for esophageal and stomach cancer and the cancer risk increases with the increment of the number of risk factors in the population of Dafeng municipality.