Objective To examine the mortality and its influencing factors among acquired immune deficiency syndrome/ human immunodeficiency virus (HIV/AIDS) patients within one year of confirmed diagnosis.
Methods Data on HIV/AIDS patients dead between 1999 and 2016 and with the registered permanent residence in Yuxi municipality of Yunnan province were extracted form National Comprehensive Information System for AIDS Control and Prevention. The specific causes of the HIV/AIDS deaths were classified based on the Coding Causes of Death in HIV (CoDe) Project. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with the deaths.
Results Of the 888 deaths identified, 315 (35.47%) died from opportunistic infections and others from non-AIDS related diseases, including drug overdose, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, accident, and non-AIDS related malignancy. Multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that the patients with following characteristics were more likely to die within one year of the confirmed diagnosis: at older age at the diagnosis (odds ratio OR > 1 for all age groups compared to at the ages of 15 – 29 years, P < 0.05 for all), being infected through sexual transmission (OR = 1.907, 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 1.174 – 3.096), being diagnosed with HIV infection in hospitals (OR = 8.494, 95% CI: 3.463 – 20.834) or in voluntary counseling and testing clinics (OR = 5.412, 95% CI: 2.112 – 13.870), with the CD4+T cell count of less than 200 cell/μL at the last detection (OR = 4.189, 95% CI: 1.352 – 12.981) and not having any CD4+T cell count test (OR = 2.527, 95% CI: 1.007 – 6.344), without subsidized care (OR = 2.521, 95% CI: 1.573 – 4.040), and not receiving anti-retroviral therapy (ART) (OR = 2.521, 95% CI: 1.573 – 4.040). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis also revealed that the patients died of opportunistic infection, AIDS-related malignancy, and non-AIDS-related malignancy were at higher risk of being died within one year of the confirmed diagnosis, with the OR (95% CI) of 5.128 (1.965 – 13.383), 7.610 (1.535 – 37.731), and 4.184 (1.312 – 13.383), respectively. The proportion of the patients being died within one year of the confirmed diagnosis decreased from 49.34% for the period from 1999 and 2007 to 39.74% between 2014 and 2016.
Conclusion The proportion of HIV/AIDS patients being died within one year of the confirmed diagnosis decreased yearly and the patients′ deaths were affect by multivariate factors in Yuxi municipality. The results suggest that specific interventions should be carried out to decrease the risk of death in the patients.
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