Objective To explore the influence of changing in dietary intake frequency on depression during pregnancy.
Methods From July 25th, 2017 to July 24th, 2018, totally 5 974 pregnant women in first trimester without depression were recruited from 7 976 participants of Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study (CPWCS) – a multicenter survey conducted in 15 provincial regions across China and were followed up till 28 gestational week. Valid information were finally collected from 3 765 recruited pregnant women with a questionnaire on demographics, type and frequency of food intake during previous 7 days and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS).
Results Of 3 765 participants, 19.5% were identified with depression during their second trimester. The results of log-binomial regression analysis showed that increased intake frequencies of breakfast (relative risk RR = 0.82, 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 0.68 – 0.99; P = 0.036), tubers (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.71 – 0.95; P = 0.009), dark vegetables (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74 – 0.99; P = 0.032), fruits (RR = 0.74, 95% CI: 0.62 – 0.87; P < 0.001), milk and dairy products (RR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.72 – 0.96; P = 0.012) and unchanged intake frequencies of eggs (RR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.65 – 0.94; P = 0.008) and desserts (RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.69 – 0.97; P = 0.018) were protective factors against the occurrence of depression; while an increased intake frequencies of western-style fast food (RR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.06 – 1.63; P = 0.012) and puffed food (RR = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.02 – 1.47; P = 0.030) were risk factors of depression incident.
Conclusion Type and frequencies of dietary intake have significant influence on depression incident in pregnant women during second trimester. Health education and guidance on nutrition and reasonable dietary pattern during pregnancy should be promoted among pregnant women.
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