Objective To analyze results of lung cancer (LC) and pulmonary nodule (PN) screening using low-dose spiral computed tomography (LDCT) and risk factors of the two diseases among physical examinees in Hebei province and to provide references for early intervention on lung cancer.
Methods Using cluster sampling, we recruited 8 898 physical examinees participating in LC screening at the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2015 to December 2018 for a survey including face-to-face questionnaire interview, clinical examination and chest LDCT. Telephone follow-ups were carried out in the participants with images of PN and suspected LC till June 2019.
Results Among the all participants aged 20 – 88 years (mean = 52.57 ± 11.06), 66 LC and 1 038 PN cases were diagnosed and the detection rate of LC and PN were 0.74% and 11.67%, respectively. Unconditional multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that age ( ≥ 60 vs. < 50: old ratio OR = 4.008, 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 1.976 – 8.129) and lung disease history (yes vs. no: OR = 2.298, 95% CI: 1.200 – 4.402) were influencing factors of LC; the analyses also demonstrated that significant risk factors of PN included age (50 – 59 vs. < 50: OR = 1.362, 95% CI: 1.156 – 1.605; ≥ 60 vs. < 50: OR = 2.204, 95% CI: 1.880 – 2.585), smoking (current smoker vs. non-smoker: OR = 1.198, 95% CI : 1.028 – 1.396; ex-smoker vs. non-smoker: OR = 1.962, 95% CI: 1.352 – 2.846), and lung disease history (yes vs. no: OR = 1.644, 95% CI: 1.356 – 1.994).
Conclusion Low-dose spiral computed tomography can be adopted in effective screening of lung cancer and pulmonary nodule among adult physical examinees; the adult examinees aged ≥ 60 years or with lung disease history are groups at a high risk of lung cancer and pulmonary nodule.
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