Association of long-term passive smoking with blood glucose and lipids among non-smokers:a case-control study

Objective To investigate the effect of long-term passive smoking on blood glucose and blood lipids among non-smokers.Methods A hospital-based case-control study was conducted among persons aged 40 years or older who sought outpatient service at the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University between May 2012 through May 2014.The cases were 220 non-smokers with long-term passive smoking(exposed to indoor tobacco smoke≥0.5 hour per day continuously for 5 years)and the controls were 226 age- and gender-group matched non-smokers without passive smoking(unexposed to indoor tobacco smoke or exposed to indoor tobacco smoke less than 15 minutes per time).All the participants were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire,health examination,and laboratory test.Results Compared to the controls,the cases reported significantly higher proportions of history of dyslipidemia(31.36% vs.23.01%),hypertension(49.09% vs.39.38%),diabetes(20.45% vs.8.85%),stroke(9.55% vs.3.54%),coronary heart disease(61.82% vs.21.68%),familial coronary heart disease(61.82% vs.41.15%)and medication history of antihypertensive(44.09% vs.31.42%),hypoglycemic drugs(17.27% vs.7.52%),anticoagulant(20.91% vs.8.85%),lipid-lowering drugs(19.09%vs.8.85%)(P<0.05 for all).After adjusting for age,gender,edu-cation,marital status,familial income per capita,alcohol drinking,sleeping,physical exercise,history of chronic diseases(hypertension,dyslipidemia,diabetes,stroke,coronary heart disease),familial history of coronary heart disease,medication history(antihypertensive,hypoglycemic drugs,anticoagulant,lipid-lowering drugs),and body mass index and central obesity,the results of multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that among the non-smokers long-term passive smoking was correlated with the abnormalities of fasting blood glucose(FBG)(odds ratioOR=2.551,95% confidence interval95%CI:1.364-4.807),total cholesterol(OR=1.382,95%CI:0.915-2.104),triglyceride(OR=1.072,95%CI:0.685-1.673),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(OR=1.288,95%CI:0.847-1.946),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)(OR=1.142,95%CI:1.034-1.586),respectively.Conclusion Abnormalities of FBG and HDL-C are associated with long-term passive smoking among non-smokers.