Abstract: From June 1983 to June 1984, 189 faecal specimens from 0-3 Years old children with acute diarrhea and 180 specimens collected from the healthy children of the same age group were detected by DEM, IEM and ELISA. The total positivity of viruses was 22.22% in diarrhea children group, and 13.89% in control group. The positivity of rotavirus was 12.17% in diarrhea children group and 1.06% in control group.There was significant difference between two groups,Besides rotavirus,adenovirus,small round virus end other unidentified virus particles were also detected.