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2006 Vol. 22, No. 5

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Study on co-infection of HIV and HBV/HCV in intravenous drug users
LI Jianrong, WANG Jing, TIAN Kunlun,
2006, 22(5): 513-515. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-01
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  Objective   To understand T lymphocyte subsets and HBV-DNA/HCV-RNA load with co-infection of HIV and HBV/HCV.   Methods   A total of 410 Intravenous Drug Users(IVDUs)were recruited with informed consent.Peripheral blood mononuclear cells and sera were separated routinely.Viral markers were detected by ELISA and immunochro-matographic tests.The load of HBV-DNA/HCV-RNA was identified by fluor escence quantitative PCR.The level of PHA-induced IFN-γ/IL-4 was determined by EL ISA.T lymphocyte subset was deter mined by fluorescence immunoassay.   Results   The level of IFN-γ/IL-4 and the percent of CD3/CD4 cells in IVDUs were lower than that in the healthy controls(P < 0.01).The level of IFN-γ and the percent of CD4 cells were continuously decreased, when the IVDUs was infected with HIV.HBeAg and the load of HBV-DNA were related to HIV-infected.   Conclusion   Impaired TH response in IVDUs.Virus-infection continuously altered the TH1/TH2 balance.HIV-infection promotes HBV replication.
2006, 22(5): 515-515. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-02
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Investigation on initiation into commercial sex among female sex workers in Xichang city
CAO Xiaoyun, JIANG Zhengqing, RUAN Yuhua,
2006, 22(5): 516-517. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-03
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  Objective   To investigate the incidence of initiation into commercial sex among female sex workers(FSWs)in Xichang city, Sichuan province, China.   Methods   From December 2004 to J anuary 2005, a community-based survey was conducted to investigate demographic characteristics, age at initiation into commercial sex, high risk behaviors and number of FSWs in their friends before commercial sex.   Results   The incidence from the first sex intercourse to initiation into commercial sex was 25.95/100 person year(95%CI: 23.20~28.69)among FSWs.Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression model indicated that ethnicity(HR, 1.55;95%CI, 1.11~2.16), age at first sex intercourse(years)(HR, 1.38;95%CI, 1.09~1.74)and marital history before commercial sex(HR, 3.09;95%CI, 2.41~3.97)were independently associated with initiation into commercial sex, respectively.   Conclusion   Ethnicity, no marital history and age at first sex intercourse were factors contributed to initiation into commercial sex among FSWs.
Relationship between HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and attitudes and attachment styles among college students
CAI Haiyan, WANG Debin, CHENG Jing,
2006, 22(5): 518-520. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-04
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  Objective   To study the HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and attitude among college students and to explore their relationships with attachment styles.   Methods   With stratified-cluster random sampling, 1 227 students were surveyed using self-administered questionnaire.   Results   The proportion of secure, preoccupied, dismissing and fearful attachment styles accouted for 59.3%, 18.3%, 13.1% and 9.3% respectively.Significant relationship was found between HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and secure attachment, preoccupied attachment and dismissing attachment; nondiscrimination of the HIV infected and secure attachment, preoccupied attachment and fearful attachment; objection against risk behaviors and secure attachment, dismissing attachment and fearful attachment; fear of the impacts of infection and preoccupied attachment, dismissing attachment and fearful attachment; awareness of infection risk and secure attachment and fearful attachment.   Conclusion   Attachment styles are closely linked to HIV/AIDS-related knowledge and attitude.
2006, 22(5): 520-521. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-05
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Investigation on high risk behavior among men who have sex with men related to STI and HIV/AIDS in Dalian city
LI Rui, TONG Wei, ZHANG Beichuan,
2006, 22(5): 522-523. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-06
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  Objective   To study the behavioral features among men who have sex with men(MSM).   Methods   All behavioral data were collected by a special questio nnaire.   Results   There were 234 MSM(94.7%)who had sexed with male partners 6 months before, in which 43.7% of them sexed with female partners.7.8% and 17.4% of participants bough-tsex and sold-sex respectively.About 81.4% of MSM had taken some prevention measures.Some 72.9% cases had considered checking HIV status.   Conclusion   The high rates of HIV-related risk behaviors existed among the MSM population in Dalian, and the streng then prevention program and behavioral intervention should be taken as soon as possible.
Analysis on T lymphocyte level in patients infected with HBV/HIV and HIV/HBV co-infected
CHEN Xianbing, GUAN Xiaoqin, WU Xiaochuan,
2006, 22(5): 523-524. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-07
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  Objective   To quantitatively and qualitatively analyse the CD3+ /CD4+ /CD8+ T lymphocy te level of patients infected with HBV or HIV, and polyinfected with HBV and HIV.   Methods   The flow cytometry was used to measure CD3+ /CD4+ /CD8+ and CD4+ /CD8+ ratio of 31 patients infected with HBV, 46 patients infected with HIV, 14 patients polyinfected with HBV and HIV and 18 normal controls.   Results   All markers of HIV/HBV polyinfection group, HIV infection group, HBV infection group and normal control group had statistics differ entiations with each other(F=50.67, F= 46.06, F=16.13, F=92.51, P < 0.01);Quantity of CD3+ cells showed that HIV/HBV group < HIV group < HBV group < normal control(P < 0.01), quantity of CD4+ cells was HIV/HBV group < HIV group < HBV group < normal control(P < 0.01), while quantity of CD8+ cells was HIV group > HBV group > normal control(P < 0.01).D4+/CD8+ ratio is invert, HIV/HBV, HIV group < HBV group < normal control(P < 0.01).   Conclusion   the detection of absolute quantity of CD4+ cells and CD4+/CD8+ ratio maybe important in evaluating immunecondition, progression and prognosis of patients infected with HIV.moveover, polyinfected with HBV and HIV may hurt the patients immune fundtion more serious.
Analysis on attitude to condom use in un-marriage sexual intercourse among STD patients
WU Junqing, HUANG Weidong, LI Wenying,
2006, 22(5): 525-526. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-08
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  Objective   To evaluate attitude to the condom use in un-marrigae sexual intercourse among STD patients in the three public STD clinics in Shanghai and its influential factors to provide the evidence for the further intervention.   Methods   Epidemiological cross sectional investigation was used.   Results   The attitude of condom application had a relationship with the sex, the score of STD related knowledge and the grade of the public STD clinics.Yet the clinics servic had no effect on it.   Conclusion   the condition of condom aplication is related to the STD related knowledge about STDs and sexual risk behavior can be reduced by the condom promotion.But now neither the knowledge education nor condom promotion is satisfied.It may be helpful to enhance the skill of the staff in STD clinics and to cooperate with the related government department.
Analysis on health seeking behavior and related factors among female commercial sex workers in entertainment businesses in Qingdao city
LIU Minghua, LI Xiufang, ZHANG Beichuan,
2006, 22(5): 526-527. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-09
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  Objective   To determine the health seeking behavior and health requirement among female commercial sex workers(CSWs)in ent ertainment businesses in Qingdao, and to provide basis for developing prevention for them.   Methods   Manking friedns with STI patients clouding sex workers, their clients and othrers persons who knew entertainment businesse very weell, then went to the places where sex workers worked and provided them the reproductive health information, asked them came in STI clinic for being checked and treated.Self-administr ated anonymous surveys and half-format surveys were carried out, and analyzed with SPSS8.0.   Results   258 questonnaires were collected.4.33% had a regular physical examination at peace time, 19.69% made physical examination after risk sex behavior, 72.05% made physical examination when they felt sick, 7.87% never make a physical examination; the main basis and the most impor tant basis to selecthopital: 59.05% and 38.79% were the level of the medical treatment of a hospital, 43.97% and 21.50% were the charg; 43.38% whose first choice of seeking STI medical service were individual clinic, but only 4.25% were diagnosed in individual clinic.the first two health requirement at present were physical examination and necessary test(70.17%)and health consultation(57.14%).   Conclusion   the propaganda of STI prevention know ledge, CSWs.health seeking attitude, medical service of individual clinic and CSWs.correct behavior of seeking medical servic should be improved.
Investigation on percipience and demand of educators about AIDS orphans
HE Zhonghu, JI Chengye
2006, 22(5): 528-529. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-10
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  Objective   To know the percipience of educators about the prevalence of AIDS and AIDS orphans.to realize the demands of the work of care; and to explore the most economical, efficient and sustainable intervene strategies.   Methods   Questionnaire survey was conducted among 103 educators from the 7 provinces where AIDS prevention programs were ongoing.   Results   In general, it was not grasped well enough about the prevalence of AIDS and national strategies.And they were still not vigilant about AIDS.No obvious differences were founded between administrators and other educators.Over 80% of the educators considered that the problem of AIDS or phans had existed in China and was becoming more and more serious.All of the informants thought that something must be done to conquer it as soon as possible in both national and local level.   Conclusion   It is very necessary to supply care and support to AIDS orphans based on school and community.As key persons of the continuous work of care, educators should be trained and educated further.
Characteristic of sexual partner network and HIV transmission among men who have sex with men
ZHENG Yingjun, XU Juan, ZHANG Hongbo
2006, 22(5): 531-533. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-12
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  Objective   To deter mine the characteristic of sexual partner network among men who have sex with men (MSM)in gay bars and documenthIV/STDs prevention and control.   Methods   Across-sectional survey was conducted in gay bars including the demographic character istics, HIV and STDs infection as well as the number and types of sexual partner.   Results   The self- reported prevalence of HIV and STDs was 3.4% and 10.3%, respectively, among MSM.Multiple sexual partners were common and there were various types of sexual partners.Of 174 par ticipants, 50.0% and 17.8% had the same-sex casual sexual partner and the same-sex commercial sexual partner in the past 2 months, respectively, 63.8% currently had the same-sex primary sexual partner, 55.7% had female sexual par tner during their lifet ime.19.5% and 12.6% had 3 and 4 types of sexual partner, respectively.The various sub-groups, which had different types of sexual partner, were corr elative.The core sub-groups were sub-group who had the female and sub-group who had the same-sex commercial partner.   Conclusion   MSM are connected with each other by multiple sexual partner network.There are not only multiple transmission of HIV/STDs among MSM, but also the transmission bridge of HIV/STDs has been developed from MSM to general population.
Analysis on AIDS PMTCT in a county of Henan province
SUN Dingyong, HAN Boyong, XU Shuqin,
2006, 22(5): 533-534. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-13
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  Objective   To analyze the situation of HIV infection in pregnant women, lying-in women and marriage women of certain county where HIV prevalence rate was higher in Henan.To discuss the effect that some control and prevention steps had been carried out, and to set up a sort of science, simple and economy evaluation method about PMTCT.   Methods   By cluster sampling way and experimental epidemiology way, we carried outhIV surveillance lasted four years among pregnant woman, lying-in woman and marriage woman in a certain county of Henan province, had carried out different control and prevention steps for differenthIV positive persons(providing refer, suggesting to respite marriage, selecting to stop pregnancy voluntarily, taking nevirapine(NVP)for mother and child), and had carried outhIV follow up and test for the children of HIV positive lying-in woman in 0, 9 and 18 months, respectively.   Results   13 693 marriage women, 32155 pregnant women and 11 367 lying-in women had been tested by the end of 2004 and the affirmed HIV positive was 39, 112 and 81, respectively.85 infants had birthed by 81 HIV positive lying-in women, 19 infants had testhIV negative at the end of 18th months.The other infants were following up continued.   Conclusion   APM TCT mode was set up in the county.The route was efficiently cut off though mother to child transmitting A IDS in this county.
Analysis on coincidence of HIV/AIDS and tubercolosis in criminal suspects
YANG Ping, AI Baomin, LIU Hualong,
2006, 22(5): 535-536. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-14
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  Objective   To investigate the coincidence status with HIV/AIDS and tuberculosis(TB)in criminal suspects.   Methods   HIV and TB infection status were tested in 860 criminal suspects, who were arrested from June to Septenber in 2005, meanwhile the history of drug abuse were collected.   Results   50 of persons in 860 persons suspects were tested to be HIV postitive, at the incident rate of 5.8%(50/860)and then 11 of 50 HIV positive persons were found to be infected with TB, at the incident rate of 22%(11/50), however, in 810 negtive HIV persons, only 8 were diagnosed to be TB, at the rate of 0.99%.HIV positive persons were more possibly concidented with TB than HIV negative ones, the TB coincident rate between two groups were statistically different(P < 0.05).   Conclusion   In criminal suspects, HIV positive persons were more possibly coincidented with TB than HIV negtive ones, to this special problem and population more care should be taken by CDC and even whole society, furtherly the sputum smear slide and TB toxin test should be routinely carried out to HIV positive persons.
2006, 22(5): 536-536. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-15
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2006, 22(5): 537-538. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-16
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Evaluation on quality of life in 64 AIDS patients in Henan province
XIE Jing, SHI Xuezhong, WANG Fang,
2006, 22(5): 538-539. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-17
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  Objective   To understand the Quality of Life(QOL)of AIDS patients in Henan province.So that some measure swere taken to increase the QOL and clues were given for future questionnaire research of QOL suitable to China.   Methods   Multi-stage sampling was used.64 AIDS patients were selected, they were assigned to fill in the WHOQO L-HIV.   Results   The six domains scores of the 64 AIDS were compared with the normal model: Physical Domain: 10.84±2.68(t= 12.71, P=0.001), Psychological Domain: 11.74±2.11(t=8.50, P=0.001), Level of Independence Domain: 10.964± 2.47(t=2.98, P=0.04), Social Relation Domain 13.094-2.16(t=3.12, P=0.003), Environment Domain: 12.154± 1.61(t=0.032, P=0.974), Spirituality/Religion/Personal Belief Domain: 10.45±2.52(t=1.89, P=0.063).   Conclusion   The QOL scores living with AIDS is lower than that of normal model in Physical Domain, Psychological Domain, Level of independence Domain, Social Relationship Domain, respectively.While in the domains of Envir onment and Spirituality/Religion/Personal Belief Domain, there isn't statistical significance.
2006, 22(5): 540-540. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-18
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2006, 22(5): 541-542. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-19
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2006, 22(5): 542-542. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-20
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Association of gene polymorphism with bone turnover and hormones in postmenopausal women
DONG Jie, HUANG Zhenwu, LI Jianhong,
2006, 22(5): 543-545. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-21
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  Objective   To investigate the effect of the estrogen receptor and vitmin D receptor gene polymorphisms on the level of bone turnover and calciotropic hormones.   Methods   The polymorphisms of ER gene and VDR gene were determined using polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)in postmenopausal Chinese women of Han population, aged from 45 to 65.According to Px haplotype, ninety volunteers were randomly chosen to be measured bone mineral density(BMD)of the lumber spine and hip by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry(DXEA).Some bone turnover biochemical markers in the serum or plasma or urine were decected.   Results   The levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH)and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase(Str-ACP)and serum calcium and serum phosphorus in the Px haplotype group were all higher than those in the non-Px haplotype group though no significant difference.According to the combined effect of ER gene polymorphisms and VDR gene polymorphisms, women with the ER Px haplotype and VDRB allele genotype had the highest activity of Str-ACP and women with the ER non-Px haplotype and VDR bb allele genotype had the lowest level of serum phosphorus among the four genotype groups.In Px haplotype group, the estrogen level related to BMD at Trochanter (Troch, r=0.29, P=0.04)and Ward's triangle(r=0131, P=0103)and PTH level related to BMD at Trochanter(r= 0.3, P=0.04), but not in non-Px haplotype group.   Conclusion   The ER gene polymorphisms have influence on the bone turnover and the relationship between the calctotropic hormones and BMD.
2006, 22(5): 545-545. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-22
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Effects of genistein on ERK1/2 MAPK signaling transduction pathway of human breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231
LI Jing, LI Zhong, MO Baoqing
2006, 22(5): 546-547. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-23
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  Objective   To investigate the effects of genistein on ERK1/2 MAPK signaling transduct ion pathway of human breastcancer cell MDA-MB-231.   Methods   The inhibitive effects of genistein and MEK1/2 inhibitor on MDA-MB-231 cells were observed with the methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay.The ERK1/2 MAPK, e-Jun and e-Fos protein expressions were detected by Western blot.   Results   MTT assay showed that compared to control cells, after 48 h treatment of different concentr ations of genistein and MEK1/2 inhibitor, the cell survival ratios decreased.Western blot showed that the protein expressions of ERK 1/2, c-Junand c-Fos increased with the dose of genistein, while that of the combination of genistein and the MEK/2 inhibitio n decreased.   Conclusion   Genistein could inhibit the cell proliferation of MDA-MB-231 and activate the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling transduction pathway.The inhibitor of MEK1/2 can block ERK1/2 activation and enhance the cancer inhibition effect of genistein.
2006, 22(5): 547-547. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-24
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Combinative toxicity of Microcystin, Aflatoxin and Fumonisin
XIONG Lilin, TANG Meng, WANG Jiasheng,
2006, 22(5): 548-549. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-25
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  Objective   To study 50% inhibition concentration(IC50)of Microcystin, Aflatoxin and Fumonisin and the combinative toxic effect of the three biotoxins in Hep G2 cell line.   Methods   Cell viability and 50% inhibition concentration (IC50)of Microcystin-L R(MCLR), Aflatoxin B1(AFB1), Fumonisin B1(FB1)and the mixture were measured by tetrazolium salt(WST-1)assay with Hep G2 cell line.Combinative toxicity of the three biotoxins was evaluated according to response surface analysis.   Results   Treatment of MCLR for 24, the IC50 was more than 100μmol/L.IC50 of Aflatoxin B1, Fumonisin B1 and the mixture of the three biotoxins were 1.0, 399.2 and 172.0μmol/L respectively.The interaction index according to response surface analysis was 0195.   Conclusion   Combinative toxicity of the mixture falls into the category of additive effect.
2006, 22(5): 549-549. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-26
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Inhibition effect of paclitaxel on human carcinoma A549 cells at different temperature
ZHANG Mingwu, WU Hao, WU Yiming,
2006, 22(5): 550-552. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-27
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  Objective   To investigate the effects of hyperthermia on human carcinoma A549 cell in proliferation and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor(VEGF)mRNA expression with Paclitaxel and to provide theo retic basis for clinical practices.   Methods   thirty groups were divided and different temperatures(39℃, 41℃, 43℃ and 45℃)of hyperthermia and different concentrations(6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 ng/ml)of Paclitaxel were administrated methyl thiazolyl tetr azolium(MTT)assay was adopted to measure the inhibiting rates on cell growth.Semi-quantitative RT-PCR was applied to determine the expression level of VEGF mRNA.   Results   the inhibiting rates at 43℃ were hig her than those at other temper atures at the same doses significantly(P < 0.05)except the groups of 41℃ 50 ng/ml and 45℃ 100 ng/ml.the inhibiting rates at 39℃ were lower than other groups at the same doses.VEGF mRNA expression levels of the groups at 0, 6.25, 12.5 and 25 ng/ml became lower after hyper thermia for 40min at 43℃ and the differences at the doses of 0 and 6.25 ng/ml were significant(P < 0.01)   Conclusion   ther motherapy for 40 min at 43℃ would increase the sensitivity, but decrease the sensitivity at 39℃ to Paclitaxel.Paclitaxel could suppress the expression of VEGF mRN A.thermotherapy for 40min at 43℃ would enhance the inhibiting effects on VEGF mRNA expression at the lower doses of Paclitaxel.
Analysis on situation and influence factors of domestic violence among infertility couples
GUO Xin, CHENG Yimin, HUANG Na,
2006, 22(5): 552-554. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-28
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  Objective   To explore the factors coming from men and women of domestic violence; to study the relationship between domestic violence and male sexal dysfuncition(SD)and to study the relation between domestic violence and the infertility.   Methods   From May to August 2004, a cross-sectional study was taken.510 infertile douples were investigated in Henan rural areas by a way of the self-administr ated questionnaires about situation of infertility, state of SD, incidence of domestic violence and knowledge, attitude and practice related.   Results   7.6% of men had SD, 21.1% of husbands giving domestic violence had SD, and 5.2% of husbands had SD; 26.9% of women received domestic violence during recent one year, 24.6% of women were pregnant in last year; 16.1% women receiving violence last year were pregnant while 26.3% of women not receiving violence last year were pregnat.   Conclusion   For women the older age, the longer years of marriage, the lower the highest level of educaton, the hig her the rate of women suffering domestic violence was.the factors of having no earnings and living with parent-sin-law can promote the rate of domestic violence incidence higher.For men the older age, working outside, male sexual dsfunction the lower score of the know ledge and attitude about domestic violence can promotemen to put domestic violence in practice.Domestic violence can cause male sexual dysfunction, and spiritual violence can cause infertility of women.So domestic violence should be prevented in order to improve the reproductive health.
Analysis on absorption rate of iron and calcium in representive diets of children in rural area of Shandong province
ZHANG Xin, GUO Dongmei, CUI Xi,
2006, 22(5): 555-556. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-29
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  Objective   To investigate the fractio nal absorption and bio-utilization of iron and calcium in rural children under the representative diets model and to know the dietary effects of factors ontheirabsorption.   Methods   The 10 volunteers, aged 4~6 years, were from Shandong rural region.Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer(AAS)was used to detect total iron and calcium and then to estimate iron and calcium fractional absorption.Meanwhile, the daily int akes of factors influencing the iron and calcium fractional absor ption, such as protein, fat, vitamin C(VC), phytic acid and cellulose, were measured by traditional chemical analysis.Furthermore, the mean daily intakes were calculated and compared with Reference Nutrient Intakes (RNI).   Results   The metabolism balance absorption rate of total Fe, Ca were 61.0%, 53.09% respectively, in rural children.The mean daily iron intake was 11.80 mg, which was lower than that of RNI.The mean daily calcium intake was 295.40 mg, which was lower than that of RNI.The intakes of protein and VC were 31.2 g and 13.3 mg, accounting for only 56.73% and 29.60% of RNI respectively.Whereas, the intakes of fat, phytic acid and cellulose were relatively high.   Conclusion   The iron fractional absorption is low under the representative recipe with the daily low intakes of protein and VC and high intakes of phytic acid and cellulose in Shandong rural region.
2006, 22(5): 556-556. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-30
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Relationship between polymorphisms of DNA repair genes and esophageal cancer susceptibility
ZHANG Wencui, YIN Lihong, PU Yuepu,
2006, 22(5): 557-558. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-31
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  Objective   To explore the relationship between the polymorphisms of XPA(A23G), XPD(Lys751 Gln), XRCC1(Argl94 Trp and Arg399Cln)and XRCC3(Thr/Met)genotypes and susceptibility to esophageal cancer in Huaian Han population, China.   Methods   A 1:1 case-control study was conducted among 106 ESCC patients and 106 control subjects (matched by age±5 years and gender).PCR2RFL P method was used to detect genotypes.   Results   There was significant difference of distribution of mutanthomozgote of XPA 23 and XRCC1 399 genotype between cases and controls(χ2=4.027 7, P=0.044 8;χ2=4.745, P=0.029, respectively).Individuals with mutant allele of XPD751, XRCCI194 or XRCC3241 genotype did not show the rising risk of esophageal cancer(OR=1.424, 95%CI=0.621~3.263;OR=0.826, 95%CI= 0.857~1.381;OR=1.276, 95%CI=0.483~3.371, respectively).   Conclusion   The polymorphisms of XPAA23G and XRCC1 Arg399 Gln were related to the susceptibility of esophageal cancer in Huaian Han population.
Effects of arsenite on neurobehavior and learning and memory in offspring of rats
XI Shuhua, SUN Guifan, SUN Wenjuan,
2006, 22(5): 559-560. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-32
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  Objective   To study effects on development and behavior, learning and memory in the offspr ing of rats induced by arsenite through drinking water.   Methods   wister rats were exposed to arsenit e(10, 50, 100 mg/L, respectively in drinking water)from gestation day 6 until F1 pups 42 days old.F1 pups were examined to observe the impact of arsenite on the early physiological, neurobehavioral, learning and memory.   Results   the stature and weight of F1 pups in group of 100 mg/LiAs were lower than in control after postnatal day 12.But other physiologic markers(eye opening, pinna detachment, hair growth, tooth growth, et al)were not affected by iAs exposure.In contrast to the control group, visual placing, acoustic startle and tail suspending in group of 100 mg/L arsenits were delayed.In bearings water labyr inth tests, the training times of F1 pups in arsenite exposed groups swimming cor rectly to the hidden-platform in acquired memory test and memory reservation test were more than in control, which showed that lear ning and memory abilities of F1 pups were affected by arsenite exposure.   Conclusion   Neurobehavioral development and abilities of learning and memory in offspring rats could be impaired by arsenite exposure throught drinking water.
Effect of soybean isoflavonet on bone morphogenetic protein 2 expression of cultured osteoblasts from rat
LI Wanli, YU Bing, TIAN Yuhui,
2006, 22(5): 561-562. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-33
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  Objective   To study the effect of soybean isoflavone on bone morphogenetic protein 2(BMP 2)expression of cultured osteoblasts from rat.   Methods   The osteoblstic cells from cranial bone of newborn rat was cultured.Cultured rat osteoblasts were treated with soybean isoflavone in difierent concentrations.Total RNA was extracted from the cells.BMP 2 were amplified by RT-PCR.β-actin cDNA was also amplified at the same time and used as an internal standard.The SP method was used to detect the effect of soybean isoflavone on BMP 2 expression of cultured osteoblasts.The expression level was monitored with HPIAS-2000 photograph analysis meter.The pictures of PCR production was scanned.The specific values of density of BMP 2/β-actin were calculated, and the expression levels of BMP 2 were determined.   Results   Soybean isoflavone increased the level of BMP 2 in rat osteoblasts and increased the expressions of BMP 2 genes at the level of transcripaon and revealed dose-effect relation(P < 0.01).   Conclusion   The soybean isoflavone induces the proliferation and differentiaion of osteoblast probably by increasing the expressions of BMP 2 genes.
Effects of postweaning dietary compositions on hepatic CPT-Ⅰ mRNA expression in rats
ZHANG Xiaohong, SUN Changhao
2006, 22(5): 563-565. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-34
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  Objective   To study the effects of postweaning dietary compositions on hepatic CPT-I gene expression in rats.   Methods   Male Wistar rats weaned on 24 d were randomly divided into A, B, C, D groups and were fed a high carbohydrate, high protein, high unsaturated fatty acid and high saturated fatty acid diet respectively.After three weeks, all rats were assigned to basic diet for 2 weeks, then rats from A group were randomly divided into groups A1 and A2.A1 was fed on basic diet continuously.Groups A 2, B, C, and D were assigned to high-fat diet for six weeks.Eightrats from each group were sacrificed at the end of experiment to detect body weight, body fat content and blood glucose level.RT-PCR were used to determine the expression of CPT-I in liver tissue.   Results   Body weight, body fat and blood glucose level in C group were significantly lower than those in A2 on llw(P < 0.05).the body weight, body fat content in B group were significantly lower than that in A 2(P < 0.05).However, blood glucose level was higher than A2 on 1lw(P > 0.05).the body weight in D group was significantly lower than that in A2(P < 0.05), but body fat content and blood glucose levels were not significantly lower than A2 on 11w(P > 0.05).the CPT-I mRNA level in C group was persistently increased to be the highest among all groupsduring exper iment and higher than that of other groups at the end of the exper iment significantly.   Conclusion   Feeding on high unsaturated-fatty acid diet after weaning may significantly inhibit the obesity occurance, improve the abnormal blood glucose level in rats fed with high-fat diet.Persistently increased CPT-I gene expression may be involved in inhibiting later obesity by early nutrition.
2006, 22(5): 565-565. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-35
Abstract(863) HTML (216) PDF 203KB(28)
Abstract:
Effect of diet on expression of caveolin-1 in arteries of rats
XU Mingjia, YANG Nianhong, YING Chengjiang,
2006, 22(5): 566-567. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-36
Abstract(986) HTML (218) PDF 315KB(20)
Abstract:
  Objective   To study the effect of dietary compositions on the expression of caveolin-1 in artery of rats.   Methods   Dietary induced obesity(DIO)and dietary induced obesity resistant(DIO-R)rats were induced by high-fat diet for 15 weeks.And half of the DIO rats were switched to standar d diet(DIO-HF/LF), the other DIO rats(DIO-HF)and DIO-R rats continued their primary diet.Control group was fed with standard diet all through.At the end of the experiment by the 23rd week the rats were sacrificed and arteries were removed for measuring the expression of caveolin-1 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR), western blotting and immunohistochemistry.   Results   The final weights of DIO-HF/LF were lower than that of DIO-HF rats wher eas higher than that of CF rats.The level of caveolin-1 expression in DIO-HF group was the hig hest among the four groups, and no significant difference was found among the other three groups.   Conclusion   Switched to standard diet of DIO rats could reduce the body weight gain and decrease the expression of caveolin-1 from high to the normal level, which might lower the risk of cardio vascular disease.DIO-R rats can remain normal expression of caveolin-1, which might be related to obesity resistance.
Study on inducement and antibacterial characterization of antibacterial proteins in Musca domestica larvae
LIU Hui, WAN Qihui, HE Lifang,
2006, 22(5): 568-569. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-37
Abstract(974) HTML (235) PDF 203KB(45)
Abstract:
  Objective   To observe the rule of antibacterial activity and the antibacterial characterization of the ant ibacterial proteins in the Musca domestica larvae by different inducements.To provide the experiment proof for the antibacterial proteins producing and application of the Musca domestica larvae.   Methods   the Musca domestica larvae were induced by four factors, antibacterial prot eins were separated from the tissue homogenate at the different time, detected their antibacterial activity to observe the peak of the antibacterial proteins.Several different bacteria were used as detecting index to detect the antibacterial character ization of antibacterial proteins which induced by four inducements.   Results   the antibacterial proteins o f antibacterial activity of four induced groups were better than control group, and the peak of antibacter ial activity appeared at 36~48 h after induced by four inducements'these ant ibacterial proteins could inhabit many bacteria(including some Gram-epositive, Grame-negative bacteria and rifampin resistant E.coli), but ant ibacterial activity were different.   Conclusion   the peak of antibacter ial proteins in the Musca domestica larvae by different inducements appeared at different time, and could inhibit diversiform bacteria.
Observation on inter-specific competition of two mosquitoes
JING Xiao, LI Zhaohuang, WU Wenjiu,
2006, 22(5): 570-572. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-38
Abstract(860) HTML (244) PDF 274KB(29)
Abstract:
  Objective   To observe, recor d and analyse the phenomenon of inter-specific competition of two dominant mosquitoes(Culex pipienspallens and Armigeres subbalbeatus)at Dawa forestry of meng mountain.And to find the competition characteristics of Armigeres subbalbeatus.   Methods   The niche theory was applied to analyse the inter-specific competition characteristics of Armigeres subbalbeatus in the qualitative and quantitative niche.It included niche breadth, proportional similarity, niche overlap and nicheseparation.And two dimensional niches were comparatively analysed in time and temperature resource, too.   Results   The two dominant mosquitoes had more proportional similarity, so the inter-specific competition was certainly.Armigeres subbalbeatus would win the competition, because ithad more niche br eadth and more niche overlap to Culex pipiens pallens.The two mosquitoes would temporarily co-exsist by the way of niche separation in time and temperature resource.   Conclusion   To establish a mathematical model on the inter-specific competition char acteristics of the Armigeres subbalbeatus.About the competition result, the or etically analysis is consistent with the practice investigation.
Effect of bisphenol-A on apoptosis of male mice reproductive cells
LIU JIfang, LIU Qian, NI Yajie,
2006, 22(5): 572-573. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-39
Abstract(985) HTML (231) PDF 455KB(70)
Abstract:
  Objective   To study the effects of bisphenol-A(BPA)on apoptosis of male mice reproductive cells.   Methods   Male mice in experiment groups were exposed to BPA by using the intraperitoneal injection for 5d at the dose of 0, 250, 500, 1000μmol/kg respectively.Seven mice were randomly sacrificed in each group on the 77th and 14th day after first exposure to BPA.The flow cytometry was used to study the effects of BPA on testicle cells of male mice.The testicular viscera coefficient were measured and the contents of nitric oxide(NO)and nitric oxide synthase(NOS)were tested.   Results   The different dose of BPA could make the testicle cell cycle change.The cells in G0/G1, Sphases decreased, the accounts of cells in G2/M increased and Ap part increased with the increase of BPA.The testicular viscera coefficient decreased in the experimental groups compared with that in the blank group.The contents of NO and NOS in the testicles of mice were higher than that in the blank group.There were significant differences between experimental groups and blank control.   Conclusion   BPA can inhibit DNA synthesis of testicle cells, cause the G2 block and delay the mitosis of testice cells, and the cells in Mphase decreased with the increase of BPA.It shows that BPA may affect the reproductive cells on apoptosis of male mice.The content of NO and NOS increased to show that the damaged reproductive cells are related with lipid peroxide.
Effect of lead on mRNA expression of ε1 and ε2 subunits of NMDA receptor in hippocampus of mice
GAO Mingqi, SUN Liguang, ZHOU Bin,
2006, 22(5): 574-575. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-40
Abstract(994) HTML (181) PDF 268KB(82)
Abstract:
  Objective   To explore the effect of chronic lead at developmental stages on passive-aviodance learning and memory in hippocampus of mice and its changes of mRNA expression of E1(NR2A)and E2(NR2B)subunits of the N-methyl-D-aspar tate receptor(NMDAR).   Methods   the abilit y of acquiring and maintaining passive-avoidance reaction were observed by jumping stand test in mice after chronic lead poison.RT-PCR techniques were applied to recognize either the mRNA expression of E1 and E2 subunits of the NMDAR in hippocampus exposure to low level of lead.   Results   Lead exposure significantly reduced with control group(P < 0.05), in the hippocampus, from 2 to 4 weeks, the E1 subunit mRNA expression in Pb2+-exposed group exhibited a significantly decline compared with control group, but there were no correspond- ing dchanges in the E2 subunit mRN expression between Pb2+ -exposed group and cntrol g roup.   Conclusion   Chronic lead exposure results in decrease of passive-avoidance reaction learning and memory and its effect may related to significant decline E1 subunit mRNA expression hippocampus.
Relationship between N-acetyltransferases genetic polymorphisms and susceptibility to stomach cancer
ZHANG Jiao, SHEN Xiaobing, PU Yuepu
2006, 22(5): 576-577. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-41
Abstract(1103) HTML (286) PDF 218KB(28)
Abstract:
  Objective   To determine the association of N-acetyltransferases 2(NAT2)genetic polymorphisms and the susceptibility to stomach cancer.   Methods   1:1 case-control study and PCR technique were used to analysis the genetic polymorphisms of NAT2 genoty pe among 121 cases of stomach cancer patients and sex-and age-matched controls, who were selected in Nanjing.Statistical analysis was performed to elucidate the risk for stomach cancer.   Results   NAT2M1 mutation genotype was significantly associated with the increase of the risk of stomach cancer(OR=11.079, 95%CI=4.421~27.765), while NAT2M2, NAT2M3 mutation and geno type were not statistically significant.   Conclusion   NAT2M1 mutation genotype was likely associated with the susceptibility to stomach cancer.
Activity identity and application of recombinant Mycobacterium tuberculosis CFP10-ESAT-6 or EAST-6-CFP10 fusion protein
LOU Peian, ZHANG Hui, LI Ling,
2006, 22(5): 578-580. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-42
Abstract(1181) HTML (276) PDF 278KB(33)
Abstract:
  Objective   To study the immunological characteristics of the secreted proteins CFP10-ESAT-6 or EAST-6- CFP10 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by fused expression.   Methods   Apair of oligodeox ynucleotide named linker encoding 12 glycines and 3 serines was synthesized and cloned into plasmid pET32c(+)to construct pET32c(+)-linker.The CF P10 and ESAT-6 gene were amplified by PCR reaction and cloned into pET32c(+)-linker either ahead of or follow ing linker.the recombinant CFP10-ESAT-6 or EAST-6-CFP10 fusion protein was expressed in E.coli.BL21.Their antig enicity were confirmed by western blot.   Results   The sequence of recombinant plasmid pET32c(+)-CFP10-ESAT-6 or pET32c(+)-EAST- 6-CFP10 was identical to the predicted sequence.The recombinant proteins(rCFP10-ESAT-6 or rEAST-6-CFP10)can expressed effectively in the cytoplasm BL21.Western blot showed that the rCFP10-ESAT-6 or rEAST-6-CFP10 had good immuoreactivity with sera from patients with activetuberculosis.   Conclusion   Multi-antigen plasmid encoding CFP10 and ESAT-6 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was constructed successfully.The fusion protein CFP10-ESAT-6 or EAST-6-CFP10 was obtained.The fusion proteins have antigenicity of EAST-6 and CFP10.
2006, 22(5): 580-580. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-43
Abstract(768) HTML (211) PDF 125KB(25)
Abstract:
Effects of Buprofezin exposure on semen quality of occupational male workers
JI Junmin, TAN Lifeng, WANG Shoulin,
2006, 22(5): 581-583. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-44
Abstract(948) HTML (211) PDF 778KB(45)
Abstract:
  Objective   To sutdy the effects of buprofezin production exposure on the semen quality of occupational workers.   Methods   Eighteen male workers who exposed to buprofezin and 46 male administratiors in the office in a pesticide factory were selected as the exposure group and the internal control group, respectively, and 22 male administrators in a center for disease control were served as the external control group.In order to evaluate the exposure levels, the concetrations of buprofezin, carbon tetrachloride, chlorine in the ambient air of working place in these three groups were monitored simultaneously for three consecutive days.Moreover, three workers in the exposure group and the external control group were selected to evaluate the amount of buprofezin of individual and dermal contamination in the consecutive days.After the semen were collected according to the standard method, the workers semen qualities were analysed with WHO method, the sperm morphology and the sperm motility were evaluated using μ-cell slide spectrum technology and computer assisted sperm analysis(CASA).   Results   In the exposure group, the concentrations of buprofezin and carbon tetrachloride were significantly higher than those in the internal and external control group(P < 0.01 orP < 0.05).Furthermore, the concentrations of buprofezin with the individual sampling and the dermal contamination detection in the buprofezin exposure area were significantly higher than those in the external control area(P < 0.01).The sperm progression and sperm motion parameters such as linearity(LIN)in the exposure group were significantly higher than those in the extrnal control group(P < 0.05).In addition, the rate of sperm mixed abnormality was significantly higher than that in the internal control group(P < 0.05).   Conclusion   Occupational exposure to buprofezin froduction can affect worker's semen quality.
2006, 22(5): 583-583. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-45
Abstract(663) HTML (183) PDF 135KB(18)
Abstract:
Relationship between polymorphisms of MPO and NAT2 and susceptibility of adult acute leukemia in Chinese aclult population
ZHU Fangyan, ZHANG Juan, YIN Lihong,
2006, 22(5): 584-586. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-46
Abstract(1153) HTML (242) PDF 282KB(39)
Abstract:
  Objective   To study the relationship between MPO and NAT2 polymophisms and the susceptibility of the adultacute leukemia in Chinese Han population.   Methods   A1B1 paired case-control study of 139 patients of adult acute leukemia and 139 cancer-free hospital subjects as a control group(matched for age±5years and sex)was conducted to detect myeloperoxidase(MPO)and N-terminal acety ltransferase(NAT2)po lymorphisms by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)techniques.   Results   Asignificant difference of genotpe fr equency was observed between acute leukemia cases and controls(χ2=7.026, P < 0.05, OR=0.505, 95%CI=0.325~0.847)for MPO, and the mutant MPO genotype was associated with a decreased risk of acute leukemia.No difference of phenotype fr equency between cases and controls for NAT2 was found, but the frequencies of NAT2*5 481T and NAT2*6 590A alleles in cases were higher than those in controls(P < 0.05).   Conclusion   the genetic polymorphism of MPO genotype might be cortributed to the susceptibility of adult acute leukemia in Chinese Han population.No association was observed between the NAT2 phenotype and the susceptibility of adult acute leukemia, but the relationship between the single nucleot ide poly mor phisms in the NAT2*5 (C481T)and NAT2*6(G590A)alleles and the susceptibility to leukemia should be fur ther studied.
2006, 22(5): 586-586. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-47
Abstract(703) HTML (172) PDF 131KB(40)
Abstract:
Detection and influente factors of trichloromethane in drinking water of network
WU Qing, ZHAO Xinhua
2006, 22(5): 587-588. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-48
Abstract(1285) HTML (303) PDF 199KB(39)
Abstract:
  Objective   To study the variety of trichlor omethane(TCM)in distribution network, and the influence of other parameter to the production of TCM.   Methods   Detection was made on the parameters such as TCM, free chlorine, UV254 and Br-in a northern city distribution network of China.   Results   Free chlorine had a good negative correlation with TCM.UV254 had good negative correlation with TCM after long distance distribution.the sampling sites with low Br-concentration had positive correlation with TCM; on the contrary, sampling sites with high Br-concentration had negative correlation with CM.   Conclusion     Results   of the experiments were analyzed and measurement correspond to the problems were provided from four aspect as the pollution of source; the sort of the disinfector; water stability of the out flow and corruption of the distribution network.
Effects of Di-2-ethylhexylphalate on viscera in mice
LI Shuguang, ZHAO Wenhong, JIN Taiyu
2006, 22(5): 589-591. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-49
Abstract(1017) HTML (267) PDF 2400KB(68)
Abstract:
  Objective   To find out the the effect on Kunming mice viscera made by di-2-ethylhexylphalate(DEHP).   Methods   Kunming mice viscera were divided into 5 groups in randomization after 60 days feed and the concentration groups of DEHP were 250, 500, 1 000, 2 000 g/ml respectively.To quantify the avoir dupois and wet weight of apieceviscera in mice, then count the coefficient of viscera.   Results   there was cease and lose weight in the higher dosage group of mice after exposure 10 days(P < 0.05, P < 0.01).the coeffcient of heart/body and lung/body increased in female compared with the control exposure to DEHP after 60 days(P < 0.05, P < 0.01);the co-efficient of liver/body in all groups except 250 g/ml concentration incr eased compared with the control(P < 0.05, P < 0.01).the co-efficient of spermary/body in male groups reduced significantly(P < 0.05, P < 0.01)compared with the control exposure to DEHP after 60 day, but the results in other groups were reversed(P < 0.05, P < 0.01).   Conclusion   the viscer a of mice were damaged after DEHP-poisoned 60 days.
2006, 22(5): 591-591. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-50
Abstract(849) HTML (213) PDF 133KB(21)
Abstract:
Evaluation on sterile effect of water treatment equipment of compound electromagnetic field
WU Dongmei, ZHENG Shiqi, LIN Darong,
2006, 22(5): 592-593. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-51
Abstract(875) HTML (223) PDF 202KB(31)
Abstract:
  Objective   To explore the sterile effect and possible mechanism of the water treatment equipment of compound electromagnetic field(equipment for short).   Methods   Sterilization Test: The simulated water prepared with 8 099 of Escherichia coli(E.coli)were treated by the equipment for 60 s.During the treatment, the water samples were taken in 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60s and immediately incubated at 37℃ and 44.5℃ to deter mine the densities of E.coli.Continual Sterilization Test: Three kinds of water were made: (1)Tap water disposed with autoclave.(2)Dechloridizedtap water treated by the sterile state of the equipment for 3 min.(3)Dechloridizedtap water treated by the sterile state of the equipment for 3 min and colloidal pr ecipitation state of the equipment for 20 min.8 099 of E.coli Were added in these three kinds of water and stayed there for 3 h.During the treatment, the water samples were taken in 0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 3 h and incubated at 37℃ and 44.5℃ to determine the densities of E.coli.   Results   (1) The sterile ratio of the simulated water sample was 100% in 30 s by the equipment.(2)The sterile ratio of the water sample readded bacteria was 100% in 60 min.   Conclusion   The equipmenthas rapid and effective sterile effect and some continual sterile effect.
2006, 22(5): 593-593. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-52
Abstract(989) HTML (299) PDF 125KB(31)
Abstract:
Study on function of MAPK and MPF in mitosis of mouse fertilized eggs
MU Runqing, HE Anning, WANG Li,
2006, 22(5): 594-595. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-53
Abstract(1443) HTML (336) PDF 554KB(55)
Abstract:
  Objective   To study on the function of mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)and mitosis-promoting factor(MPF)in the first mitosis of mouse fertilized eggs and the relationship between them.   Methods   Inhibiting the activity of MAP K and MPF by their inhibitor U0126 and roscovitine, we assayed MAP K and MPF activity in the first mitosis and simultaneously detected the influence of the two kinase activity on the early development of fertilized egg by morphology.   Results   During the first mitosis in normal control group, MAPK and MPF could be activated transiently.In U0126 group, the activity of MAPK was inhibited by U0126 induced that fertilized eggs could not complete mitosis and stayed in metaphase, but MPF activation had not been influenced.In roscovitine group, the activity of MPF was inhibited by roscovitine caused that fertilized eggs could not complete mitosis and stayed in metaphase, whatever MAPK maintain inactive state.   Conclusion   MAPK and MPF activation are required for mouse normal mitotic progression.MPF is involved in the activation of MAPK in metaphase.
2006, 22(5): 595-595. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-54
Abstract(760) HTML (142) PDF 126KB(27)
Abstract:
Determination of trace ascorbic acid by inhibition kinetic spectrophotometry
SUN Dengming, MA Wei
2006, 22(5): 596-597. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-55
Abstract(1096) HTML (268) PDF 129KB(50)
Abstract:
  Objective   To establish a new inhibition kinetic spectrophotometric method for the determination of traceascorbic acid.   Methods   Ascorbic acid was determined by inhibition kinetic spectro pho to metric method, which was based on the inhibition effect of ascorbic acid on the nitrite catalyzed ox idation of xylenol orange by potassium bromate in dilute sulfuric acid medium.   Results   The linear range of determination was 01010~01 40 mg/L.T he detection limit was 6.8×10-6 g/L.   Conclusion   The method were simple, high sensitivity and good selectivity.T he method was applied successfully to the determination of ascorbic acid in vitamin C tablet and tomato.
Study on rat pulmonary toxicity induced by PM2.5 in atmosphere of Lanzhou city
QU Hongmei, NIU Jingping, KUI Farui,
2006, 22(5): 598-599. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-56
Abstract(1138) HTML (207) PDF 1312KB(129)
Abstract:
  Objective   To study acute injury and mechanism of rats respiratory tract induced by PM2.5.   Methods   Wistar rats weighing between 180~220 g were randolmly divided into five groups including blank control group, saline control group, three level PM2.5(high, middle and low)groups.Three level PM2.5 groups were instilled intratracheally with 0.5 ml suspensions of PM2.5 and saline control group were instilled intratracheally with 0.5 ml saline.After 12 days rats were killed, pulmonary pathological injury and bronchoalveolar lavage flluid(BALF)of all rats were later examined, including the level of lactate dehy drogenase(LDH), alkaline phosphatase(AKP), acidic phosphatase(ACP), albumin(ALB), immunoglobuli G(IgG), immunoglobuli A(IgA).   Results   The amount of LDH, AKP, ACP, ALB, IgG, IgA in exposed groups were significantly higher than those in saline control, but no evident difference between blank control and saline control(P < 0.05).Inflammatory changes including neutrophil and monocyte, lymphocyte hyperplasia were observed on pulmonary pathological slide in a dose denpendent way.   Conclusion   PM2.5 have acute toxic effects on rat pulmonary cells and membrane tissues, also bring sapimmune response and macosal immune response.
2006, 22(5): 600-600. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-57
Abstract(975) HTML (239) PDF 132KB(24)
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2006, 22(5): 601-602. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-58
Abstract(707) HTML (182) PDF 187KB(24)
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2006, 22(5): 602-602. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-59
Abstract(933) HTML (242) PDF 115KB(34)
Abstract:
KAP survey on food safety among customers in Nanjing city
CHEN Guowei, SUN Guiju, WANG Shaokang,
2006, 22(5): 603-604. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-60
Abstract(1498) HTML (311) PDF 383KB(102)
Abstract:
  Objective   To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice status about food safety among customers in Nanjing city, and to provide scientific basis for carrying on intervention research on food safety.   Methods   A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 600 customers from Nanjing.   Results   The total rate of right answer to food safety was 37.1% for all investigated consumers and all questions, the main sources of information on food safety were radio or TV programs.73.0% of consumers hoped to acquire more food safety knowledge.The higher educational level the customers were, the higher level knowledge about food safety they had.   Conclusion   The customers in Nanjing had low level food safety knowledge.The attitude to acquire food safety knowledge of the consumers was active, It was necessary to carry on food safety interventions among the customers which help them to obtain more food safety knowledge and get rid of bad habits in their practice.
2006, 22(5): 605-606. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-61
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2006, 22(5): 606-606. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-62
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2006, 22(5): 607-607. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-63
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2006, 22(5): 608-609. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-64
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2006, 22(5): 609-609. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-65
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2006, 22(5): 610-611. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-66
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2006, 22(5): 611-611. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-67
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2006, 22(5): 612-613. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-68
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2006, 22(5): 613-613. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-69
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2006, 22(5): 614-615. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-70
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2006, 22(5): 616-616. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-71
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2006, 22(5): 617-617. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-72
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2006, 22(5): 618-618. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-73
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2006, 22(5): 619-619. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-74
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2006, 22(5): 620-621. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-75
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2006, 22(5): 621-621. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-76
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2006, 22(5): 622-623. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-77
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2006, 22(5): 624-626. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-78
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2006, 22(5): 626-626. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-79
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2006, 22(5): 627-629. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-80
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2006, 22(5): 629-629. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-81
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2006, 22(5): 630-631. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-82
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2006, 22(5): 631-631. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-83
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2006, 22(5): 632-633. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-84
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2006, 22(5): 633-633. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-85
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2006, 22(5): 634-635. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-86
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2006, 22(5): 635-635. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-87
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2006, 22(5): 636-637. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-11
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2006, 22(5): 636-637. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-88
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2006, 22(5): 637-637. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-89
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Investigation on smoking and health related knowledge level and demand in secondary school students
WEN Xiaozhong, CHEN Weiqing, LU Ciyong,
2006, 22(5): 638-640. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-90
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Abstract:
  Objective   To realize the level, source and demand of knowledge on smoking and health in secondary school students.   Methods   Self-administered questionnaires were used in a cross-sectional survey to collect smoking related information of 8 656 secondary school students.   Results   According to the percentage of correct responses, diseases caused by smoking were ranked as follows: lung cancer, chronic bronchitis, emphysema, chronic pulmonary heart disease(CHPD), mouth cancer, larynx cancer, coronary heart disease, hypertension, gastric ulcer and stroke.The percentage of correct responses for tobacco tar was the highest, followed by nicotine, then carbon monoxide and hydrocyanic acid.Health workers served as the most reliable source to provide knowledge on smoking and health.Only 38.9% of the respondents reported having ever been exposed to anti-smoking propaganda, according to whose opinions television and advertisement were the two most impressive methods of propagandizing.Among the respondents, 64% of them showed their wishes to know more knowledge about smoking and health.Their most favorite method to get smoking related knowledge was through television and broadcast.Damage of smoking to health was the prior knowledge that they needed.   Conclusion   In order to improve the effectiveness of education on smoking and health for adolescents, health workers should be involved as much as possible.The knowledge on smoking and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases should be added and emphasized.Televisions and advertisements are supposed to be effective education methods.
2006, 22(5): 640-640. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2006-22-05-91
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Abstract: