2005 Vol. 21, No. 8
Display Method:
2005, 21(8): 897-899.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-01
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Objective To investigate the changes of morphology and the effect of γ-catenin(γ-cat)in damage of respiratory epithelium in different stage of smoking mice. Methods Observation under microscope after HE staining was used to study the morphological changes of airw ay epithelium of different stages(smoking after 1 month/S1 M, 2 months/S2 M, 4 months/S4M, 5 months/S5M, 6 months/S6M and the control/SC)in smoking mice.The expression of γ-cat was deter mined by immuno chemical stain, that of γ-cat mRNA was estimated by in situ hybridization, the mean A value was deter mined by image analysis of randomly selected 15 thin branch in smoking mice. Results Morphology of airway epithelium in smoking mice changed from injury to repair, proliferation, and over proliferation; the protein and mRNA levels of γ-cat of each stage were significantly lower than those of the control except the protein level of the S5M(P < 0.001);expression of prolifering cell nuclearantigen of air way epithelium cell in smoking mice was higher than that of the control, S2M group was the highest(P < 0.01). Conclusion Smoke inhalation injuried the airway epithelium; γ-cat was wavy changed and functions in the course of the damage and repair of the airway epithelium.
2005, 21(8): 899-901.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-02
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Objective To know smoking prevalence and relative risk factors in Guangdong inhabitants and to develop effecive tobacco control policies. Methods Based on the Guangdong prov ince inhabitants nutrition and health survey conduced in 2002, smoking data of a sample(17 489 cases)aged 15 or elder were collected to make a descriptive analysis. Results The smoking rate was 24.6%, standardized rate was 20.7%, males(45.5%)was higher than that of females(1.1%); rural (23.8%)was higher than that of city(17.3%); the standardized cur rent smoking rate, regular smoking rate, heavy smoking rate was 20.2%, 19.3% and 10.8% respectively, w hich were higher in males than that in females; average age of starting smoking(median)was 20.0 years old; Standar dized current quit smoking rate and relapse rate was 1.7% and 9.1% respectively.Age, region, sex, educational level, occupation, marital status were relative risk factors of current smokers(OR value was 1.07, 0.01, 1.42, 0.89, 1.14, 1.75 respectively). Conclusion The majority of the population was exposed to tobacco environment.A series control measures, such as health policy, supporting environment, dissemination of tobacco knowledge, study of quit smoking skill, intrvention on high risk population, should be conducted.
2005, 21(8): 902-903.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-03
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Objective To realize smoking behaviors and their relationship with smoking related knowedge and attitude among secondary school teachers. Methods All secondary school teachers in Huang pu district of Guangzhou were inquired with a self administered questionnaire about socio-demographic characteristics, smoking behaviors, smoking related health knowledge and attitude. Results Of 700 teachers surveyed, 59.1% never smoked, 18.1% evertried to smoke, 1.86% ever smoked daily, and 10.1% smoked currently.The total mean of smoking related health know ledge was 8.53(maximum= 14);the mean of knowledge about diseases caused by smoking(maximum=10)and harmful components in cigarette(maximum=4)was 5.73 and 2.40, respectively.The mean of smoking related attitude was 33.21(maximum=45)for sociality effect of smoking; 21.76 for smoking effects on appearance(maximum=25);20.96 for teachers and health care workers model role(max imum=25);9.20 for harmful effects of smoking on health(maximum=10)and 26.73 for measures for controlling smoking(maximum=30).No significant difference was obser ved on the mean of smoking related health know ledge among the secondary school teachers with different smoking behaviors.By contrats, significant differences were obtained on the means of smoking related at titude among the secondary school teachers with different smo king behaviors. Conclusion The teachers smoking behaviors were significantly associated with the smoking related attitudes, but not with the smoking related health knowledge.
2005, 21(8): 904-906.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-04
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Objective To expolre the relationship between family conditions and adolescent smoking and to take practicable intervention to adolescent smokers. Methods Questionnaires of relationship between smoking behaviour and family conditions were conducted among 6 994 junior high students in 22 randomly sampled public secondary schools in Wuhan.Data were analyzed by the statisic methods of Kai square for single factor and Logistic regression for multi factor analysis to explore the relationship between smoking behaviour and family conditio ns. Results 11 items of family conditions contributed to smoking behaviour of secondary students, especially brother and sister smoking, parent smoking and students compliance to their parents. Conclusion Decreasing family related smoking factors were helpful for smoking int ervention in secondary school students.
2005, 21(8): 906-907.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-05
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Objective To study the inhibition action of the Ribavir in to Adenoviruses 3(ADV3). Methods The anti ADV3 effect of the ribar irin in Hela cell culture was observed by means of the inhibition of cytopathic effect. Results In cell culture, the Ribavir in was found to be a inhibitor of ADV3 in a concentration dependent manner toxic concentration(TC50)of the Ribavirin was 2056.13 g/ml, the median effective concentration(EC50)of the Ribavirin to ADV3 was 53.03 g/ml, the selectivity index(TI)was 38.77.The Ribavirin could effectually inhibit replication of ADV3 when it was added in Hela cell within 10 hours after virus infection. Conclusion The Ribavirin has the evident inhibition actions to ADV3.
2005, 21(8): 908-909.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-06
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Objective To understand cigarette smoking in urban and rural residents in Hebei province and to provide evidences for policy making in tobacco control. Methods 16 640 residents aged 15 or elder were randomly selected by multiple stages sampling and sur veyed by using standardized questionmaires. Results The current cigarette smoking rate of the total samples was 26.08%.The smoking rate among rural samples was significantly higher than that among urban samples.It significantly varied with sex, age, marital status and occupation.The average init ial smoking age was 21.76.The average amount of daily cigarette consuming was 15.26.It was significantly higher in rural areas than that in urban areas.There was a ten dency to increase in the current amount of daily smoking compared with the amount of two years ago. Conclusion The smoking rate of residents in Hebei was lower than that of national level and higher than that of the provincial level surveyed in 1998.The smoking rate in rural communities was much higher than that in urban communities.
2005, 21(8): 910-912.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-07
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Objective To investigate the distribution of passive smoking in first trimester pregnant women of city, and to study the relationship betw een passive smoking and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Methods Maternal passive smoking status was determined by questionnaire, then two cohorts of passive smoking and non passive soking were gotten.Pregnancy out comes were followed up.Chi Square test and Logistic regression analysis were used. Results The per centage of passive smoking in first trimester pregnant women was 38.2%.The time exposed to passive smoking per day was related with adverse pregnancy outcome.Exposed to passive smoking more than 3 hours per day could highly increase risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Conclusion Adverse pregnancy outcomes were associated with passive smoking, especially exposed to passive smoking more than 3 hours per day.Women should be advised to avoid environmental tobacco smoke exposure.
2005, 21(8): 912-914.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-08
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Objective To investigate the distribution of lipid disorders in Zhejiang province. Methods Subjects were divided into groups according to the gender and age.The differences of lipid disorders among these groups were studied.The clustering of lipid disorders with hypertension, diabetes mellitus and obesity was also analyzed.The factors of lipid disorders were selected by multifacor Logistic regression. Results The prevalence rates of triglyceride(TG)abnormity in women and total cholesterol(CHOL)abnormity both in men and women grew with the age, and they were higher in men than those in women before 45 years old, but it went inverse way after 45 years old.Lipid disorders clustered varying degrees with hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and significantly with overweight obesity and abdomen obesity.The results of multifactor Logistic regression showed that smoking, education, income, diastolic blood pressure(DBP), fasting blood glucose(FBG), body mass index(BMI), waist circumference(WC)affected significantly to TG abnormity, and education, income, FBG, BMI, age to CHOL abnormity and WC to HDL-C abnormity, but education, age, gender, drinking were protective factors to HDL-C abnormity. Conclusion The status of lipid disorders in Zhejiang province was urgent.To control the related factors synthetically was the best way to prevent and control lipid disorders.
2005, 21(8): 915-916.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-09
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Objective To investigate the effect of cigarette smoke solution and sodium arsenite on viability and oxidative stress of rat lymphocytes and to study their interaction. Methods Cigarette smoke solution with or without sodium arsenite were added to ratly mphocytes.Alamar Blue reduction rate was detected and used to evaluate viability of cells; Reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde were detected and used to evaluate oxidative stress; 2×3 factorial design was used to evaluate the interaction. Results Alamar Blue reduction rate and reduced glutathione of all experimental groups were significantly lower, whereas malondialdehyde was significantly hig her.The results of the factor ial design showed: Cigarette smoke solution and sodium arsenite had no interaction on Alamar Blue reduction rate, while, they had the interaction on reduced glutathione and malondialdehyde. Conclusion Cigarette smoke solution with or without sodium arsenite decrease viability of cells and raise their oxidative stress, mor eover, they have the interaction on oxidative stress of cells.
2005, 21(8): 920-921.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-13
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Objective To understand rpoB gene mutaions in rifampin(RIF)-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis(M.TB)strains isolated from tuber culosis(TB)patients in rural area and to provide genetic evidence for TB control in rural areas. Methods 145 isolates from two counties were examined for rpoB gene mutations by the polymerase chain reaction single strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP)method compared with virulent M.TB H37Rv. Results The prevalence of rpoB gene mutation was 71.4% in RIF-resistantor multidrug resistant M.TB from patients in this rural area.rpoB gene mutations were not found in all the 117 susceptible strains.In comparison with drug suscept ibility test results the sensitivity and specificity of PCR-SSCp assay were 71.4% and 100%, respectively. Conclusion RIF-resistance of M.TB is strongly related to rpoB gene mutations.PCR-SSCP assay can detect rpoB gene mutations of RIF-resistant M.TB.It may thus be helpful to include a rapid detection of drug resistance of M.TB in resistance containment.
2005, 21(8): 922-923.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-14
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Objective To explore the effects of rare earth elements(REEs)in agricultural use on working environment and health of spraying operators. Methods An orchard far from rare earths mine in the hilly land of south China was selected to carry out monitoring the levels of exposed rare earths in surroundings sprayed with agricultural-use rare earths at the concentration of 0.5 g/kg.30 operators in the orchard were chosen at random to perform investigations and were examined with self-contrasts between before and after their spraying work.The samples'REEs were determined by inductively coupled plasma source mass pectrometry(ICP-MS). Results Rare earths levels in the natural surroundings in the non-rare-earth-mine hilly land in south China were as follows: (316.78±74.63)μg/g in soil, (51.33±29.93)ng/m3 in air, 0.0011μg/g in water and(21.13±10.49)μg/g in vegetation.The content of rare earths in blood of human body was(1.89±0.57)ng/ml.During spraying operation for 8 h, the content of rare earths taken in through respiratory tract was(5713.5063±786.7403)ng, and at this time, the blood rare earths content was(2.7038±0.7303)ng/ml.There were no residual rare earths after spraying 24 h in soil, 1 h and 24 h in air.Argricultural-use rare earths had certain effects on the mucous membrane in the respiratory tract of the operators, which caused congestion in the throat and nasal cavity. Conclusion The agricultural-use rare earths at lower concentration would produce a certain biololgical response, which should be pay more attention in the future study.
2005, 21(8): 924-925.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-15
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Objective To evaluate the immune status and the effect of vaccination on unmarried women of child-bearing age and to decrease newborn baby's incidence of measles. Methods 474 women were randomly recruited from 15 districts.Their serum samples were collected and IgG antibody of measles was tested with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)before and after the vaccination. Results Among the 474 women,positive rate of IgG was 82.28%.The geometric mean titer(GMT)of measles antibody was 1:478.62;percentage of low antibody level was 94.39% before the vaccination.GMT was 1:1 368.38 after the vaccination,significantly higher than that of the previous value(P<0.01).Similarly,the positive rate of IgG antibody in different age groups rose significantly after the vaccination. Conclusion In order to decease susceptible population and prevent measles cases in infants before vaccination age(month),revaccination in unmarried women of child-bearing age is recommended.
2005, 21(8): 925-927.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-16
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Objective To explore the epidemiological and pathogenic cause of slight acute respiratory tractinfection syndrome which broke out in Dongtai areas, Jiangsu Province in 2004. Methods Tolay down the clinical standard for the diag nosis cases; to take investigation to every case by using the same epidemiological questionnaire, and to describe the epidemiological characteristics.To analyze the epidemic factors by the method of case control; to cellect the specimen of pharyngeal swab for the sufferer in epidemic areas to separ ate and culture etiology agent; to test the positive specimens by suing immunofluor escence, PCR, electron microscope technology and neutralize test to the cowple serum of the cases. Results There were 871 cases of acute respiratory tract infection syndrome, covering ten townships.Two incidence peaks occurred in the last ten days of May and in the middle ten days of June.Most cases(94.37%)were pupils in the primary and high school or the children in the kindergartens, and some of the cases(5.63%)were non students.The adults were hardly infected.The age scope of the cases ranged from 7 months to 18 years old.The clinical characteristics were fever accompanied by angina and tonsillitis.The course of diseases was about 5 days, and prog nosis was all right and no death cases.The study of case control showed that the risk factors were to contact with fever cases, to couse towel within family and to nearly contact with chooks.The specimens were separated and cultured throughouthep-2 cells in two different laboratory, and obvious cellular pathological changes, where the cells presented the form of grapes cluster and the refraction ability of cells had been enhanced, appeared in the 51~65 percent of the speciments.The large amount typical granule of adenov irus, where array of cells presents crystal lattice, could be observed in the nucleouls under electron microscope.Infection by adenov irus could be proved by direct immunofluorescence test, RT-PCR, and neutralize test to the couple of serum.The virus was confirmed as adenovirus type by the method of checking and measuring the virus whole geens sequence. Conclusion The agent of acute respiratory tractinfection syndrome br eaking out in Dongtai areas was confirmed as adenovirus, and the transmission route mainly were to contact with the aerosol in the air and cases.
2005, 21(8): 928-929.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-17
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Objective In order to determine zinc absorption and utilization from diet in Tibetan male adults, and to lay a foundation for the revision of Chinese Dietary Reference Intakes(DRIs)and improvement of zinc nutrition. Methods Thirteen Tibetan healthy menaged eighteen~nineteen were selected to take part in a fourteen day metabolic balanced experiment, and to be served a three day representative dietafter the nutritional survey.During the experimental days, test meals, water, feces and uine were collected.Zinc content in the above samples was deter mined by means of flameatomabsor ption spectrum(AAS).Then zinc apparent absorption and apparent utilization were calculated. Results Zinc apparentabsor ption and apparent utilization was 24.15 and 7.61 percent respectively, and the former was quite close to the estimated value of present DRIs foundation. Conclusion Zinc intake from repr esentativediet could meet the requirement of the subjects.
2005, 21(8): 930-932.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-18
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Objective To analyze the willingness of selecting doctors, outpatients trend and influencing factors. Methods Household health survey was conducted in 26 communtites, including 968 residents by randomized sampling.EPIDATA 211 was used to input the data and SAS was adopted to analyze it. Results (1) When residents suffered from light illness, they usually chose self2treatment(31.102%), community health service center(20.70%)and local hospitals(16.73%).(2) The reason of selecting community health service was convenience(79.56%); kind service attitude of medical staff (36.76%); reasonable price(18.38%)and health counsel available(16.44%).(3)The health care demand ranked as follows: health guide, disease prevention, timely physical examination and 24-hour answer. Conclusion Community health service should offer service items oriented by health demand, deliver more conveient care and gain the acceptance of local community residents.
2005, 21(8): 932-933.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-19
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Objective To study the effects of a new pesticide on DNA damage of erythroblast cells and seminal cells in mice in vitro. Methods The comet assay was used to detect the DNA damage induced by a new pesticide compound at the different dose. Results Compared with the control group, the DNA migration rate were increase sig nificantly at(10 g/L)test doses to erythroblast cells(P < 0.05).D NA migration of seminal cells(at test dose of 10, 100, 500 mg/L)exhibited significant dose-effect relationship.The DNA damage in seminal cell was more sensitive than that of erythroblast cell. Conclusion The new pesticide could cause DNA damage of mice cells in vitro.
Analysis on demand of chronic patients and influence factors of community health service in Shenzhen
2005, 21(8): 934-936.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-20
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Objective To analyze the demand of chronic patients, utilization and influence factors of community health service(CHS)in Shenzhen, and to evaluate the effect of chronic disease comprehensive based community prev ention and control. Methods The 26 communities and 1 841 peoples were sampled by random-stratified cluster, and questionnaires were taken. Results In Shenzhen, the prevalence rate of chronic disease was 20.86%, the top ten chronic diseases were hy pertension, rheumatoid arthritis, sight problem, chronic stomach pain and ulcer, sleeping handicap, intervertebral disease, hemicrania, decayed tooth, cornany heart disease and diabetes. Conclusion In or der to improve the utilization rate of CHS for chronic patient, the policy-makers should enhance accessibility and convenience of CHS.
2005, 21(8): 936-937.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-21
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Objective To explore the effect of methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE), an unleaded gasoline additive, on peripheral Tlymphocyte subsets of mice. Methods 30 mice were distributed in three groups randomly.The MTBE exposed doses were 40, 100 and 0 mg/(kg·bw)respectively by gavage daily for 30 days.The change of the body weight, pectoral gland weight and spleen weight was detected.The percentage of peripheral T lymphocyte subsets CD3, CD4 and CD8 cells was analyzed by flow cytometer. Results The body weights in MTBE exposed groups were decreased lightly than those of control group.The weight of pectoral gland and the index of pectoral gland, T lymphocyte subsets CD3, CD4, cells in MTBE 400mg/kg group were significantly decreased compared with control group P < 0.05). Conclusion MTBE presented adverse effects on the T lymphocyte subsets and suppressed immunefunction.
2005, 21(8): 938-939.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-22
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Objective To study the relationship between the activities of acety choline esterase, 1-NA, glutathione Stransferase and DDVP resistance of German cockroaches(Blattella germanica). Methods To measure the activities of en zymes above mentioned in different DDVP resistant stains of German cockroaches by using visible spectrophotometry and kinetic microplate methods, and to carry through the statistical analysis by SAS softw are. Results With DDvp resistant levels increased in Germand cockroaches, AChEs inhibition ratio, 1-NA and glutathone Stransferase enhancd gradually.The distinction was remar kabkle on inhibition ratio of acety choline esterases activity and 1-NAs activity among resistant strains and sensitive strains when resistant coefficient equal or less than 2 8.Nevertheless, the distinction was not remarkable for the activity of glutathiones transferase. Conclusion AChEs inhibition ratio and 1-NAs activity are proved to some values as biomarkers of German cockroaches DDVP resistance.
2005, 21(8): 940-942.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-23
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Objective To study formation of pulmonary edema, DNA damage and apoptosis of lung cells induced by phosgene in BALB/C mice. Methods 26 mice were randomly divided intonegative group and positive group, 13 mice in each.Mice were exposed to air or phosgene for 5 min in negative and positive group respectively.Dose of phosgene was 11.9 mg/L.After exposed to phosgene for 4 h, all mice were anesthetized and removed for determination lung wet/dry weight ratio, alternation of lung tissue in optical microscope, DNA damage of alveolus type cells by single cell gel electrophoresis and apoptosis of lung cells. Results After exposed, lung wet/dry weight ratio was significantly higher in mice for phosgene vs air (P < 0.05).Lungvisual field under microscope showed edema like changes.The tail lengths, percentage of tail DNA and tail moment significantly increased in alveolus type cells of positive group compared with that of negative group.Signs of DNA laddering were obser ved in lung tissue of positive group. Conclusion P hosgene could cause pulmonary edema in mice, and could induce DNA damage and apoptosis of lung cells.
2005, 21(8): 942-943.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-24
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Objective To get a general idea about the existing T-lymph cells sub group o f the individuals infected by HIV for 10 years, and to work out a therapy, and to guide the highly active antiretroviral therapy. Methods Absolute value of CD 4, CD 8 T-lymph cells in the peripheral blood of the infected individuals were detected with American FACSCount flow cytometer. Results 836 infected individuals were detected, 180 indivduals: CD 4 T-lymph cells < 200/mm 3(21.53);656 individuals, CD 4 T-lymph cells > 200/mm 3(78.7%), 779 indiriduals: CD 4/CD 8 < 1;57 individuals: CD 4/CD 8 > 1. Conclusion CD 4, CD 8 T-lymph cells of individuals infected by HIV who survived for a long time remained normal within 10 years, but some of them dev eloped into AIDS.Owing to the high-level of CD 8 T-lymphocyte, the HIV patients whose immunity was extremely low, still had not anysymptom.
2005, 21(8): 944-946.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-25
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Objective To screen phage particles capable of mimicking ochratoxin A and to establish immunoassay for ochratoxin A with it. Methods An anti-ochratoxin A monoclonal antibody was used as ligand.Biopanning was done to screen the mimotope from a phage random 7 peptide library.This library was displayed as a fusion protein with the coat protein Ⅲ of filamentous phage M13.The positive clones were identified by ELISA, and the inserted amino sequences were deduced by DNA sequencing. Results After four rounds of panning, 11 positive clones could bind to the antibody, and the binding could be blocked by free ochratoxin A.The common amino sequence of the mimicking epitope was IRPMVXX.A competitive ELISA immunoassay was established with clone P2;the linear range of the inhibition curves was between 200 pg/ml and 8 000 pg/ml; the detecting limitation was 150 pg/ml. Conclusion The phage display technique could be successfully applied to screen the mimotope of ochratoxin A.The acquired phages might be used as the surrogate of the mycotoxin to establish the immunoassay.
2005, 21(8): 947-948.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-27
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Objective To clone new gene AsTP1 transactivated by arsenic trioxide. Methods Suppression subtractive hypridization(SSH)technique was used.the mRNA was isolated from Jurkat cells treated with arsenic trioxide(5 mol/L) and 0.9 percent sodium chloride, respectively.then cDNA was synthesized.SSH method was employed to analyze the differ entially expressed DNA sequence between the two groups.On the base of subtractive cDNA library of genes transactivated by arsenic trioxide, the coding sequence of new gene was obtained by bioinformatics methods.the reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR)was used to amplify the new gene from the mRNA of Jurkat cells and HepG2 cells; this new gene named as AsTP1.the sequece for the AsTP1 gene was deposited into GenBank, and the accession number was AY605064. Results the coding sequence of new gene was cloned and identified successfully. Conclusion A gene is recognized as the new target gene transactivated by arsenic trioxide.the results will pave the way for the study of the molecular mechanism of the transactivating effects of arsenic trioxide and the development of new clue for carcinogenic mechanism of chronic arsenisim.
2005, 21(8): 949-950.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-28
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Objective To study blood serum antiody characteristics of severe acute respiratiory syndrome CoV in different groups of Pudogn Mew Area. Methods The serum of fever patients, workers for animal and common people was collected.The lab detective method was ELISA.And the epidemic investigations for them. Results The general positive rate of antibody for these populations was 1.46%.(1.19%~1.66%).The antibo dypositive rate showed unsignificant differences for age and groups. Conclusion The further study should be done to probe the infection of SARS CoV in Pudong New Area.
2005, 21(8): 950-952.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-29
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Objective To investigate the effects of taurine on mRNA and protein expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)in diabetic rat retina. Methods Diabetic rats were induced by injected streptozocin into abdominal cavity once.They were chosen and divided at random into diabetic groups in one month, diabetic groups in two month, diabetic grops in three month.Diabetic rats treated with 1.2% taurine that were mixed with the food.Techniques of immuno histo chemistry, Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and Western blotting were employed to detect the mRNA and protein expression of GFAP. Results The mRNA and protein expression of GFAP didn't obviously change in diabetic rat retina in the first month, however, the mRNA and protein expression of GFAP gradually increased in the second~third month.Taurine could down regulate the mRNA and protein expression of GFAP in diabetic rat retina in two~three month. Conclusion GFAP expression that taurine down regulate indirectly reflected the protectiveaction of taur ine on diabetic retina.
2005, 21(8): 953-954.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-30
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Objective To study the correlation of ABO blood type and multi infection of hepatitis B virus. Methods 1: 1 case control study was conducted to study the correlation of ABO blood type and multi-infection of hepatit is B virus, and a case control study was also conducted to study the correlation of ABO blood type and HBV infection alone. Results There was no significant correlation between ABO blood type and multi infection of hepatitis B virus, and super infection of hepatitis B virus and C virus, and infection of hepatitis B virus(P > 0.05);There was sig nificant correlation between type Oblood and super infection of HBV and HEV(P < 0.05), no other correlation of type blood and super infection of HBV and HEV(P > 0.05). Conclusion There was significant correlation between type O blood and super infection of HBV and HEV, type O bloo was probably the risk factor of the dual infection of HBV and HEV.No other correlation of type blood and multiple virus infection or HBV infection was found.
2005, 21(8): 955-956.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-31
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Objective To establish a specific and sensitive serological method,ELISA,for detection of rubella virus(RV) antibody using yeast expression products as coating antigen and to improve its sensitivity and specificity. Methods The yeast expression products and RV culture medium were used as coating antigens respectively to assay 90 sera.The same sera were also assayed by JINGMEI kit and Germany RECI kit.The results of Germany kit,as a golden standard,were compared with those of the other three methods in specificity,sensitivity and accordance rate.And the statistical test was used to compare the differences among these methods,and also to evaluate which was more useful for coating antigen,recombinant antigen or RV culture medium. Results The results of repeated experiment of recombinant protein showed that there was no statistical significance between two experiments(P>0.05).The difference of the two positive rates between RECI kit and recombinant antigen was significant(P<0.05).The difference of the two positive rates between RECI kit and RV culture medium was significant(P<0.05).There was statistical significance between those of recombinant antigen and RV culture medium(P<0.05). Conclusion As coating antigen,the recombinant E1 Protein is better than that of RV culture medium in EL ISA method for detection of RV antibody.
2005, 21(8): 957-958.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-32
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Objective To investigate the effect of protein kinase C on the hippocampus neurons apoptosis induced by hy perthermia and to provide the evidence for the prevention of brain injuries caused by hyperthermia. Methods By establishing the apoptosis model of primary culture of hippocampal neurons induced by hy perthermia, the dynamic change of concentration of Ca2+ in hippocampal neurons and the influence to Bcl-2 expression were observed after using chelerythr ine chloride(CTC) which was the special inhibitor of PK C. Results The concentration of Ca2+ in hippo campal neurons increased rapidly with hyperthermia treatment(42)for 1 h and application of CTC.The climax of increase was arrived after 25~30 s, and de creased slowly until to keep the higher level than that of normal level.The expression of Bcl-2 in hippocampal neurons with hyperthermia and CTC treatment decreased dist inctly more than that of cells in 42 for 1 h. Conclusion The activation of PKC played a very important protection role in the apoptosis induced by hyperthermia in hippocampal neurons.The application of CTC influenced greatly the concentration of Ca2+ and the expression of Bcl-2 in hippocampal neurons after hyperthermia.
2005, 21(8): 959-960.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-33
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Objective To investigate the effect of laminaria polysaccharide L01 on activation of platelet and to study the mechanism of laminaria polysaccharide L 01 inhibiting thrombus formation. Methods The aged rats were divided into 4 groups: normal group, model group, laminaria polysaccharide L01 high-dose and low-dose group.A rat model of vascular endothelial injury was established via injecting adrenaline.The activation of platelet adhesion was evaluated by comparing the difference of the platelet count before and after the blood filtration.The activation of platelet adhesion-aggregation on facet was observed by collodion-glass plate method.The plasma contents of von Willebrand Factor(vWF)and plateletαbranule membrane-glycoprotein 140(GMP-140)were measured by EL ISA. Results Compared with model group, the percentage of platelet adhesion, the activation of platelet adhesion-aggregation on facet and the plasme level of vWF and GMP-140 were obviously decreased by both high dose group(100 mg/kg)and low group(10 mg/kg)of laminaria polysaccharide L01 in aged rats of vascular endothelium in injury. Conclusion The effect of inhibiting thrombus formation of laminaria polysaccharide L01 associated with its effects of decreasing the plasma level of vWF and GMP-140 and inhibiting platelet adhesion and aggregation.
2005, 21(8): 961-962.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-34
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Objective To investigate and synthetically evaluate the quality of life(QOL)of the new urban poverty people, to provide information for policy decision and health intervention, and to promote the QOL of them. Methods Based on the SF-36 Health Survey, to evaluate the QOL of 103 poor sudjects which were unemployed(the new urban poverty)living in Shenyang city, to compare the new urban poverty group with the poor group and the non-poor group separately applying multivariate analysis of variance and synthetical evaluation. Results There were significant differ ences among groups of QOL, and their subgroups of QOL were all statistically significant.The C value of every group similar to ideal solution was 0.35, 0.04 and 1.00 separately. Conclusion The QOL of the new urban poverty is close to the poor peoples, but lower than that of the non poor people's significantly.Health intervention and health education are suggested to prevent the QOL of the new urban poverty people becoming worse.
2005, 21(8): 963-964.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-35
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the estrogen like effects of resveratrol on ovar iectomized rats. Methods Forty eight Sprague Dawlery female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups and treated respectively as follows: group A, shamoperated; group B, ovariectomized(OVX); group C, OVX supplemented with 0.03 mg/kgbw·d diethylstilbestrol; and group D, E, F: OVX rats supplemented with 3 dosages of RES[(5, 15 and 45 mg/(kg·bw)].The duration of exposure was 90 days and the estradiol serum concentration, vaginal smear, uterus index and pathologic examination on uterus of rats were observed. Results Serumestr adiol concentration of group A was higher than that of the other 5 groups significantly(P < 0.05).Vaginal smear examination showed that resveratrol could induce the estrus occurrencing in the OVX rats.Uterus index of group A was higher than that of the group D, E and F significantly(P < 0.05), but lower than that of group C significantly at the same time. Conclusion Resveratrol had mild estrogen effect on ovariectomized female rats and without endometrial hy perplasia adverse effect.
2005, 21(8): 965-966.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-36
Abstract:
Objective To study the effect of acidificated soybean powder on rats blood lipid and antioxidation. Methods According to weights and blood cholesterol leval, male SD rats were divided into three groups: ordinary contrast group, high fat contained group and 10% acidificated soybean powder contained group.After six-week feeding stage, the change of serum lipid, apolipoprotein and antioxidation system level were observed in rats. Results Acidificated soybean powder significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesteral(LDL-C), total cholesteral(TC), triglyceride(TG)and serum apoB level, increased high-density lipoprotein cholesteral(HDL-C)and serum apoA level as well as apoA/apoB rate.The serum surperoxide dismutase(SOD), glutathione peroixdase(GSH-Px)and Se level in acidificated soybean powder contained group were significantly higher than those of other groups, and malondialdehyde(MDA)level was significantly lower. Conclusion Acidificated soybean powder was able to reduce rats blood lipid and antioxodate.Ithad the probable future to be a vascular2disease2protected food.
2005, 21(8): 967-969.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-37
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the effect of excessive vitamin A and zinc intake on cell cycle of hepatocyte in normal adult rats and to identify interaction between VA and Zn. Methods the rats were randomly divided into four groups(16 in each group), viz.one normal control group(received deionized water, Zn < 0.01 mg/L, C), zinc group[received zinc sulfate, Zn 150.49 mg/(kg·bw)of zinc sulfate, ZT], VA group[received retinal acetate, VA 6.27×104 IU/(kg·bw)of retinal acetate, VT), and VA+Zn group(received liquid containing zinc sulfate and retinal acetate, VA 6.27×104 IU/(kg·bw)of retinal acetate and Zn 150.49 mg/(kg·bw)of zinc sulfate, UT].VA or Zn was dissolved in deionized water and daily given to animals by lavaging.After two or three week supplement respective, half numbers of the group were killed.Cell cycle of hepatocyte was detected by flowcytometry. Results At different time in trial, body weight, food intake and liver index were investigated, and these indexes in VT, ZT or UT were all not significantly difference compared with the contro l.Tow weeks late, different degree hydropic degeneration could be observed in every test group by optical microscope, especially thick punctate acidophilicdye area scattered occur red in VT.Continuing high dose VA or Zn or both intake, hydropic degeneration tended to be more severer in all test groups.After two week supplement, the proliferation of hepatocyte significantly increased in VT compared with the control; the increase in ZT and UT was not significant.After three week supplement, the increase in ZT was significantly observ ed, but the proliferation in VT significantly decreased and the trend depressed in UT was also observed.Further more, sub-G1 peak in individual rat occurred at different time point.At two week supplement, sub-G1 peak in VT was 1.8.At three week supplement, sub-G1 peak in VT was 1.5, and 2.1 in ZT.During the experiment, sub-G1 peak was not observed in UT. Conclusion the effect of 100 times appropriate intake(AI)VA or 12 times AI Zn on cell cycle of hepatocyte is more significant than that of same dose VA and Zn both intake.
2005, 21(8): 970-971.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-39
Abstract:
Objective To observe the antihepatofibrosis function of oxymatrine and to discuss the mechanism. Methods this experiment is based on the model of kunming mouse hepatic fibrosis(CCl4), and normal group, model group, oxymatrine prevent group and therapy group were set up.After that, ALT, ALB, Tbil, HA, LN, PC-Ⅲ, Ⅳ-CL were measured separately, simultaneously hepatic tissue pathology and immunohistochemistry dyeing were used. Results Oxymatrine prevention group and therapy group were more distinct than those of model group on hepatic function, the indexs of hepatic fibrosis, pathology changes and the result of immunohistochemistry dyeing(P < 0.05).And compared with therapy group, prevention group had markedly difference(P < 0.05)in those indexes. Conclusion Oxymatrine can restrain the production of collagen, decrease the expression of CTGF and inhibit the abnormal hyperplasia of hepatic extracellular matrix, so ithas the function of antihepaticfibrosis.
2005, 21(8): 972-974.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-40
Abstract:
Objective To understnad the kno wledge of reproductive aged women and men about reproductive health. Methods PPS method was empolyed to sample the women in the study. Results The knowledge of reproductive health was very poor among reproductive aged people.All the know ledge about traditional contraceptive methods, emergency method, and HIV transmission, RT I/ST Ds, and risk symptoms during pregnancy should be further improved. Conclusion To further strengthen the health education about reproductive health, par ticularly among young unmarried people and western area.
2005, 21(8): 975-976.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-42
Abstract:
Objective To study the semen quality of volunteers. Methods The semen parameters from first samples of 694 volunteers were examined followed world Health Organization(WHO)guide. Results For the first semen analysis, there were 373(53.8%)volunteers were over human values for WHO guide.Of the subjects the semen parameters from 233 (33.65%)volunteers were over donor's values for ministry health of P.R.Chian. Conclusion It's necessary to pay more attention to male reproductive health because of the semen quality.
2005, 21(8): 977-978.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-43
Abstract:
Objective To study the etiologic distribution of viral hepatitis and to investigate diagnosis and communicable disease legal report by local physicians in Beijing suburb. Methods 161 patients diagnosed as acute viral hepatitis by local physicians in the year 2000 were surveyed, including serologic markers of viral hepatitis by ELISA, epidemiolo gical enquiry with a standard questionnaire.For those patients who could not be indentified the etiology by ELISA, HBV DNA and HCV DNA were detected.Further more, the data of the epiemiological case reporting system in the region were collected. Results the proportion of acute hepatitis A, B, C, E, reactivation of chronic HB and uncertain type were 7.5%(12/161), 19.3%(31/161), 5.6%(9/161), 13.0%(21/161), 44.1%(71/161)and 10.6%(17/161), respectively.42.86%(69/161)cases were identified etiology by local physicians and 30.44%(21/69)of them were correct.39.1%(63/161)cases were reported legally. Conclusion Hepatit is B is the most common hepatitis in the region.the ability of viral hepatitis diagnosisylocal physicians is poor and the proportion of hepatitis cases legal report is low.
2005, 21(8): 979-981.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-44
Abstract:
Objective To constructhIV/AIDS dynamic model in drug users in a certain region and to predict the near future. Methods HIV/AIDS dynamic model in drugusers was built based on the prevalence and behavior parameters of the surveillance data in 2001~2004.According to this model, people living with HIV and AIDS, new HIV and AIDS in the end of 2005 were predicted based on the current parameter.And sensitivity of parameters was analyzed. Results On the basis of the current parameter, people living with HIV and AIDS will reach 2 982 and 277 in the end of 2005.In the second surveillance period(October to November)in 2005 the prevalence in drug user will reach 13.2%.Parameters sensitivity analysis showed that transmit probability by sharing needle, injecting number per unit time and sharing probability were the most sensitive parameters. Conclusion Sterilizing the needling, decreasing the injecting frequency and less probability of sharing needle with others are taken to control epidemic in drug users.
2005, 21(8): 981-982.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-45
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the prev alence of metabolic syndrome(MS)and the attribution of each components to the MS in adults older than 18 in Beijing. Methods Data were selected from the 2002 Beijing Nutrition and health status baseline survey, which had completed info rmation on plasma glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure.Totally 2 140 subjects(men 969, women 1 171)were analyzed using ATP criteria of MS. Results (1) The adjusted prevalence of MS was 15.4%, which increased sharply when the age was older than 45 and the highest point was in the 65.This index in men was 13.5% comparing with 17.1% in women and this difference had statistic significance.(2)The waistline was the most significant component distinguishing MS, following by the level of plasma glucose and T riglycerides.A ccording to sex, the waistline and the level of plasma glucose were the most magnificent index in men and women respectively. Conclusion 15.4% adults old ertnan 18 have MS in Beijing and the prevalence of central obesity, diabetes and dyslipidemia are hig her than those of regulate diets, which have been proved the economical, effective and reasonable approach to prevent MS.
2005, 21(8): 983-984.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-46
Abstract:
Objective To explore the screening measure of HIV infectors who visited general hospital. Methods ELISA and Western Blot were utilized to measure HIV antibody of the patients blood serum, then analyze the patients population character and high risk factor.The patients were all outpatients of No.1 hospital of China Medical University. Results 23 positive blood serum HIV antibody were found among 103 324 person, among them youth was 78.3%, most of them were males.22 person had risk factor such as blood transfusion, drug abuse through vein, unsafety sexual behavior, or with sexual transported diseases.Most of the patients came from Venereal Disease Clinic and Medical department. Conclusion General hospital should pay great attention to visitors who have AIDS and correlated risk factor and rank them in HIV antibody screening objects.
2005, 21(8): 985-987.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-48
Abstract:
Objective To determine the prevalence of Campy lobacter in retail raw meats obtained from markets and to investigate the association of microbial contamination with product type, season, and market. Methods Retail raw meat samples were randomly obtained from three kinds of stores Shenyang from January 2003 to December 2003 and were examined for the species and the serotypes of Campy lobacter by PCR. Results The majority(94%)of 123 chicken carcasses were contaminated with Campylobacter.Approximately 96% of 85 duck carcasses and 97% of 65 rabbit carcasses yielded Campylobacter, whereas 31% of 138 pork chops and 35% of the 89 beef chops were positive for this pathogen.A total of 525 Campylobacter isolates were obtained from 200 meat samples; 55% of these isolates were C.jejuni, 41% were C.coli, and 4% were other species. Conclusion Significant differences in the microbial prevalence were observed for supermarket samples with the lowest contamination, street market samples showing the highest contamination, and farm market samples in the middle.
2005, 21(8): 989-990.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-50
Abstract:
Objective To understand the reason and char acteristic of mouses biting and scratching, to enhance preven tion and control of rabies in law, and to reduce the mortality. Methods To observe the gender, age, profession of patient, reason, mode, time of exposure, the condition of an injury, and time to see a doctor and etc. Results Most of patients were in jured at right thumb, rig ht tiptoe, for efinger and middle finger from 9pm to 6am; The injured area were samll with one or two deep cut and less scratching wound.About 88.0% patients had bleeding, and injured part was related with predominance hand and foot, their functions and length. Conclusion Proper self disinfection could decrease the viruss concentration into body and infection chance.
2005, 21(8): 990-991.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-51
Abstract:
Objective To investigate the toxicological mechanism of airborne fine particulate(PM2.5)on brains of rats. Methods 32 male wistar rats were randomly divided into PM2.5 exposure groups at different concentration(1.5, 7.5, 37.5 mg/kg)and control group instilled with physiological saline.Rats were killed 24 h after instillation, and the levels of thiobar bituric acid reactive substance(TBARS), Glutathione(GSH)and activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD), Glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px), Catalase(CAT)were measured. Results The activities of SOD and CAT decreased with PM2.5 concentration in a dose depenent manner(P < 0.05).PM2.5 instillation at 37.5 mg/kg caused statistically significant decrease of GSH level.(P < 0.05).The changes of GSH-Px activities and TBARS levels at all concentration were not statistically significent in comparison with control group.SOD/TBARS decreased significantly at all concentrations, and TBARS/GSH-Px increased significently at 37.5 mg/kg concentration(P < 0.05). Conclusion PM2.5 could cause oxidative damage to brains of rats.It was a neural toxin.
2005, 21(8): 1003-1004.
doi: 10.11847/zgggws2005-21-08-63
Abstract:
Objective To understand the correlation of the smoking to carotid arterioles artherosclerosis. Methods The incidence of carotid artherosclerosis plaque and carotid arterioles artherosclerosis index in 68 hypertensive patients was examined and the relationship between cigarette smoking and carotid artherosclerosis was observed. Results The rate of carotid artherosclerosis plaque and carotid arterioles artherosclerosis index with hypertensive patients were significantly increased according to longer duration and quantity of cigarette smoking of patients(P < 0.05). Conclusion The duration and quantity of cigarette smoking of patients are related to carotid artherosclerosis plaque and carotid arterioles artherosclerosis index.The cigarette smoking may take part in the forming and developing of artherosclerosis.