Experience and enlightenment of integration between medicine and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among countries and districts with different health systems

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become one of the four major chronic diseases that threaten people′s health around the world. Strengthening the integration between prevention and treatment is crucial to slow the disease progression and reduce the risk of acute exacerbation of COPD. Based on the Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions Framework (ICCC) proposed by World Health Organization (WHO), we, in this paper, conducted a systematic review on the integration between prevention and treatment of COPD among typical countries and districts with different health systems from three levels and four aspects: policy environment at macro-level, health care organization and community at meso-level, and patient interaction at micro-level; we also summarized the practical experiences which could be used as references for China and proposed some policy recommendations according to actual situation of China.