Objective To estimate the trend in the coexistence of hypertension and diabetes mellitus (HTN-DM) among residents aged 35 – 74 years in Shanghai during 2002 – 2017 for the prevention and control of the comorbidity.
Methods The study data were from four waves of surveillance on diabetes conducted in 2002, 2009, 2017 and on non-communicable chronic diseases in 2013 among totally 56 927 residents aged 35 – 74 years in Shanghai. The prevalence of HTN-DM and its annual percentage change (APC) among the residents were calculated to analyze the trend of HTN-DM during the period.
Results The detected prevalence rates of HTN-DM were 4.61%, 9.93%, 13.41% and 18.97% in the participants separately surveyed in 2002, 2009, 2013 and 2017, with a significantly increasing trend over the 16-year period (APC = 9.51%, P = 0.003). Further analyses revealed that the increasing trend in HTN-DM prevalence was significant in the participants of all subgroups stratified by gender, five-year age grouping, ethnicity, education, marital status, and residential area and the increasing trend was greater for the participants of male gender, aged 35 – 44 years, being Han ethnicity, with the education of high school and above, being married, and not residing in central urban area, with the APC of 9.66%, 11.49%, 9.53%, 10.56%, 9.94%, and 10.09%, respectively.
Conclusion The prevalence of HTN-DM showed an increasing trend among 35 – 74 years old residents in Shanghai over the period from 2002 to 2017, especially among those aged 35 – 44 years, being male, Han ethnicity, with the education of high school education and above, being married and not residing in central urban areas.
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