Construction and application of an evaluation index system for medical care-prevention integration capabilities among clinical medical professionals based on the Delphi method

Objective To construct and evaluate an index system for assessing the medical care-prevention integration capabilities of clinical medical professionals, providing a reference for advancing the national strategy of medical care-prevention integration.

Methods A literature review and a systematic review were conducted to preliminarily establish the framework for the index system. Twenty experts in relevant fields were selected for Delphi expert consultation, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) was employed to calculate the weights for each level of indexes. The established evaluation index system was then adopted to assess the medical care-prevention integration capabilities of 360 randomly selected undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine and 220 licensed clinical physicians in Fujian province in May 2025 via an online questionnaire.

Results The expert positive coefficients in the two rounds of expert consultation were 90% (18/20) and 100.0% (18/18), indicating a high positive degree of experts. The expert authority coefficients in the two rounds were 0.564 and 0.777, with the second round demonstrating higher expert authority. The Kendall’s coefficients of concordance in the two rounds of expert consultation were 0.187 and 0.542 (both P < 0.001), being higher in the second round (χ² = 325.89, P < 0.001), which indicated better concordance among experts. Following expert consultation, the final evaluation index system for medical care-prevention integration capabilities of clinical medical professional was established, comprising 4 first-level indexes, 12 second-level indexes, and 36 third-level indexes. The mean importance scores of the first-, second-, and third-level indexes ranged from 4.67 to 4.89, 4.39 to 4.78, and 4.31 to 4.94, respectively. The full-score rates of the first-, second-, and third-level indexes ranged from 44.44% to 72.22%, 38.89% to 72.22%, and 33.33% to 61.11%, with coefficients of variation ranging from 0.06 to 0.10, 0.08 to 0.12, and 0.04 to 0.13, respectively. The weights of the first-, second-, and third-level indexes ranged from 0.075 to 0.331, 0.139 to 0.528, and 0.075 to 0.625, respectively. The final sample included 342 undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine and 211 licensed clinical physicians from Fujian province, who showed the overall mean scores of (2.096 ± 0.696) and (3.076 ± 0.632), respectively, in medical care-prevention integration capabilities. The overall average score of licensed clinical physicians was higher than that of undergraduates majoring in clinical medicine (t = 9.609, P < 0.001). Licensed clinical physicians scored higher than undergraduates on all the three levels of indexes except the second-level index “preventive medicine knowledge” (all P < 0.001).

Conclusions The established evaluation index system for medical care-prevention integration capabilities among clinical medical professionals demonstrates sound scientific validity and reliability. It provides a reference for accurately assessing the medical care-prevention integration service capabilities of clinical medical professionals.