Objective To evaluate the current diagnosis and treatment capacity of primary healthcare institutions in Beijing for weight management in patients with multimorbidity and identify key problems, thus providing evidence for improving primary care services.
Methods From October to November 2025, a multi-stage random sampling method was employed to select 60 primary healthcare institutions in Beijing, from which 71 general practitioners, 69 pharmacists, and 131 patients with multimorbidity were surveyed. Four self-developed questionnaires were administered to institutions, general practitioners, pharmacists, and patients. Descriptive analysis, content analysis, and subject framework analysis were conducted.
Results Only 36.67% of the institutions had established weight management clinics, and specialized equipment and multidisciplinary teams were generally insufficient. The availability rate of weight-loss drugs was 71.67%. Less than 40% of general practitioners were proficient in exercise/diet planning, and only 9.86% could independently develop weight-loss plans. A total of 34.35% of patients reported insufficient follow-up on weight management. Family doctor contract rates were low, and referral procedures and criteria remained unclear.
Conclusions The capacity of primary healthcare institutions in Beijing for weight management in patients with multimorbidity remains notably weak. It is recommended that comprehensive measures should be implemented in domains such as guideline development, resource allocation, and capacity training to enhance weight management and chronic disease prevention and control at primary healthcare institutions.
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