3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol induces oxidative DNA damage in HEK 293 cells

Objective The DNA damage induced by 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol(3-MCPD)and the underlying mechanisms were studied in HEK293 cells.Methods As target cells,HEK293 cells were treated at the concentrations of 0,1.25,2.5,5,and 10 mM with 3-MCPD at 37℃ for 1 hr.The single cell gelelectrophoresis assay(SCGE)was applied for quantitative analysis of DNA damage which was caused by 3-MCPD.We also measured the level of intracellular ROS by use of the 2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)assay when HEK293 cells were treated with different concentrations of 3-MCPD(0,2.5,5,and 10 mM)at 37℃ for 1 hr.The level of oxidative DNA damage was evaluated using immunope roxi-dases taining for 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine(82OHdG)when HEK293 cells were treated with different concentrations of 3-MCPD(0,1.25,2.5,5 mM)at 37℃ for 3 hr.Results The results showed that 3-MCPD at all tested concentrations (1.25-10 mM)caused a significant increase of DNA strand breaks in HEK293 cells.The numerical values for tail DNA% significantly increased compared to the control(P<0.05).The level of intracelluar ROS was significantly increased when exposed to 10 mM of 3-MCPD(P<0.05).The formation of 82OHdG was significantly increased at the concentration of 2.5-5 mM of 3-MCPD(P<0.05).Conclusion 3-MCPD can induce DNA damage in HEK293 cells.The DNA damage is probably induced by the inc reased level of in tracellular ROS and formation of 8-OHdG,which cause oxidatively generated DNA damage and formation of DNAs trand breaks.