Determination of damage in bone metabolism caused by co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic using benchmark dose method in Chinese population

Objective To explore the biological exposure limitation for bone metabolism injury with benchmark dose method for the determination of potential risk associated with chronic co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic in Chinese population.Methods The benchmark dose(BMD)and the lower confidence limitation for the benchmark dose(BMDL)of urinary fluorine and arsenic in the exposure population were calculated using BMDS Version 2.1.2.Results The BMD and BMDL of urinary fluorine were 1.96 mg/g creatinine and 1.32 mg/g creatinine.BMD and BMDL of urinary arsenic were 120.11μg/g and 94.83μg/g creatinine.Conclusion The estimated biological exposure limitation of urinary fluoride and arsenic were 1.32 mg/g creatinine and 94.83μg/g creatinine in chronic co-exposure to fluoride and arsenic,respectively.