Relationship between 23 serum elements and metabolic syndrome among rural residents

Objective To analyse the relationship between serum mineral elements and metabolic syndrome among rural residents and to provide reference for taking relevant intervention.Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out among 3 391 people selected from four villages in Guyuan and Wuzhong city in Ningxia.After physical checking,1 612 blood samples were collected using stratified cluster sampling combined with systematic sampling.Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry(ICP-AES)was used to determine the serum levels of 23 elements in 1 493 participants.Results The concentrations of serum copper,selenium,phosphorus and cadmium in metabolic syndrome group were higher than those of the normal group(P<0.05 for all);the serum boron and chromium contents in normal group were higher than those of the participants with metabolic syndrome(P<0.05 for all).Zn/Cd ratio for metabolic syndrome group was higher than that of normal group(P<0.05).Partial correlation analyses showed that there were positive correlations between systolic blood pressure and serum copper and phosphorus and serum thallium was negatively correlated with systolic blood pressure.Serum copper and phosphorus were positively correlated with diastolic blood pressure;serum thallium and barium were negatively correlated with diastolic pressure.There were positive correlations between blood sugar and serum lithium,gallium,lead,and phosphorus.Serum lithium,thallium and phosphorus were positively correlated with triglycerides.Serum phosphorus,chromium,and strontium were positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol;serum lithium,gallium,thallium,and lead were negatively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Serum chromium was negatively correlated with body mass index.Logistic regression showed that serum copper,gallium,and cadmium were independent impact factors of metabolic syndrome.Conclusion Serum copper,phosphorus,gallium,barium,lithium,thallium,lead,chromium and strontium are closely associated with metabolic syndrome.Serum copper,cadmium and gallium are the risk factors for metabolic syndrome,while with the increases of the concentration of the elements,the metabolic syndrome risk will increase.Serum chromium is a protective factor for metabolic syndrome,the risk of metabolic syndrome could decrease with the increment of serum chromium concentration.