Relationship between blood lipid and blood pressure in children and adolescents

ObjectiveTo analyze the relationship between blood lipids and blood pressure among children and adolescents in two cities of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Ningxia).MethodsA study including questionnaire survey and measurements of blood pressure and lipids was conducted among 2 331 students selected with random cluster sampling from 14 primary and high schools in Yinchuan and Wuzhong cities of Ningxia during September 2013.ResultsThe detection rate of hypertension of the participants was 18.6%;there was a significant between-age difference in the detection rate (χ²=116.186,P<0.01) and the highest detection rate (32.7%) was observed among the students aged 10 years.The detection rate and the distribution of blood lipid abnormality differed among the students of various age groups (P< 0.05);both the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were higher among the students with abnormal blood lipids than among those with normal blood lipids (both P< 0.001);significant higher hypertension rate was detected among the students with abnormal low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and total cholesterol (TC) than among the students with normal LDL-C and TC (P<0.05).There were significant differences in SBP and DBP among the students with different body mass index (BMI) (both<0.01);the detection rate of hypertension was higher among the students with overweight or obesity than among those with normal body weight.The results of binary logistic analysis showed that age (odds ratio OR=0.754，90% confidence interval 90%CI:0.717-0.793),high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (OR=0.594，90%CI:0.424-0.832),LDL-C(OR=1.550，90%CI:1.272-1.840),triglyceride (TG) (OR=1.733，90%CI:1.546-1.944),TC (OR=1.502，95%CI:1.357-1.663),BMI (OR=1.173，90%CI:1.134-1.213),and family history of hypertension (OR=1.282，90%CI:1.050-1.660) were all associated with blood pressure among the students.ConclusionThe prevalence of hypertension is at a relative high level and may be associated reversely with HDL-C and positively with LDL-C,TG,TC,BMI,and family history of hypertension among children and adolescents in Ningxia.