Prevalence and influence factors of occupational hazards in enterprises in Changsha municipality, 2008-2013

Objective To examine types and risk levels of main occupational hazards in enterprises in Changsha city and to explore the change trend and influencing factors of the occupational hazards.Methods The data on occupational hazards moniroting for enterprises in Changsha city from 2008 to 2013 were collected and the exceeding standard rates of various occupational hazards in different enterprises were analyzed.Results Of the enterprises monitored for occupational hazards,21.5%were involved in general and special equipment manufacturing.For a total of 26 703 sites/times of occupational hazard monitoring during the period,4 751 (17.8%) were over the limit of national standard and the exceeding standard rate was 19.7%for the enterprises located outside of industrial zone,28.6%for collective enterprises,54.5%for enterprises of mining industry,and 22.6% for micro-enterprises,respectively.The occupational hazard with the highest exceeding standard rate (33.9%) was noise.The overeal exceeding standard rate decreased year by year and with the descending of risk level of the occupational hazard.The influencing factors of the exceeding standard rate for the occupational hazard included year of monitoring,ownership form of the enterprise monitored,and industrial type of the enterprise.Conclusion Supervision on occupational health should be strengthened,enterprises of mining industry,and micro-enterprises for the prevention of occupational diseases.