Abstract: ObjectiveTo realize the risk factors of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)and to provide basis for the prevention of MDR-TB.MethodsTotally 87 cases of MDR-TB and 87 control TB cases sensitive to anti-TB drugs were selected in Huangshi city,Hubei province for a questionnaire investigation from June 2007 to May 2008.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of MDR-TB.ResultsNo significant difference was found between the two groups regarding to age,sex,education and occupation(P>0.05).Multi-factors analyses indicated that TB disease history of family members(odds ratioOR=3.102,95% confidence intervalCI:1.279-7.520),the course of TB disease (OR=1.083,95%CI:1.039-10.130),and irregular treatment(OR=5.512,95%CI:1.875-8.356)were risk factors for MDR-TB.ConclusionThe main risk factors of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis are TB history of family members,long course of TB,and interrupted treatment.