Abstract: Objective To analyze nutrients intake and dietary structure among residents in Yunnan province for making effective improvement strategy.Methods The data on 1 989 residents from 1 024 households in Yunnan province were extracted from Chinese Nutrition and Health Survey, 2010-2012 and analyzed.Results Among the residents surveyed, the intakes of energy and protein were sufficient(9 425.6 kJ and 67.9 g per reference man per day) and up to 93.8% and 90.5% of recommended nutrient intake(RNI), but the intakes of vitamin A, B1, B2, C and calcium were inadequate (381.2 μg retinol equivalent, 1.0 mg, 0.7 mg, 79.0 mg, and 270.7 mg), only accounting for 47.7%, 71.4%, 50.0%, 79.0%, and 33.8% of RNI or adquate intake(AI), respectively.The consumptions of grains, meats, and fat(505.5 g, 116.3 g, and 40.3 g) exceeded the reference standards, while vegetables, fruits, beans, eggs, milks, and aquatic products(241.6 g, 44.6 g, 17.8 g, 14.7 g, 10.0 g, and 12.3 g) were far lower than the standards.The percentages of energy provided by fat were 36.0%, 28.0%, 25.0%, and 21.0% for the residents living in large city, medium or small city, normal rural regions, and poor rural regions, respectively.The urban residents had a risk of excess fat intake.The dietary diversity scores based on nine classifications of foods(DDS9) were 6.4, 5.7, 5.4, and 5.0 for the residents living in large city, medium or small city, normal rural regions, and poor rural regions, respectively, with significant differences between the residents in urban and rural areas in Yunnan province.Conclusion There are micronutrients deficiencies and dietary imbalance and nutrition education and intervention should be promoted among the residents in Yunnan province.