Abstract: Objective To observe effects of resveratrol on the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPARγ)and its downstream signaling molecule activator protein 1(AP-1)in myocardia of rats with high fat diet.Methods Thirty two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control(C),high fat diet(HF),pioglitazone positive(PI),and resveratrol group(RESV)and were fed with normal and high fat diet,respectively.At the same time,PI group and RESV group were treated with 10mg/kg·d body weight pioglitazone,10mg/kg·d body weitgh resveratrol by gavage daily for 6 weeks.PPARγ mRNA was measured by reverse transcription PCR(RT-PCR).The expressions of PPARγ and AP-1 were detected by western blotting.Results Compared with group C(0.48±0.04),the expression of PPARγ mRNA in HF group(0.36±0.04)was lower(P<0.05).Compared with group HF,PPARγ mRNA in RESV group (0.54±0.11)was miproved(P<0.05).Compared with group C(0.52±0.02),the protein level in group HF(0.40±0.02) was reduced(P<0.05),whereas the level of AP-1 prote in in group HF was remarkably miproved(P<0.05).The level of PPARγ in RESV group was improved compared to HF group(P<0.05)and the level of AP-1 was reduced(P<0.05).Conclusion Resveratrol can activate PPARγ/AP-1 signaling pathway in myocardia in rats with high fat diet.