Objective   To explore the incidence of adverse birth outcomes and its influencing factors among puerperants receiving assisted reproductive techniques (ART).

  Methods   Using data linkage method, information on 5 858 neonates born to mothers conceiving ART between 2004 through 2015 were collected from datasets of birth registry in Shanghai municipality. Birth characteristics and incidents of adverse birth outcomes among the neonates were described and Poisson regression model was adopted to analyze relative risk of the adverse birth outcomes.

  Results   The proportion of multiple birth among the neonates was 35.73 %, which was much higher than that (2.12 %) among all the newborns during the period. The incidences of preterm birth, low birth weight and birth defect among the singleton neonates born to mothers receiving ART were 8.34 %, 4.75 % and 1.65 %, respectively; increased risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and birth defects were observed in the singleton neonates, with the adjusted relative risks (RRs) of 1.70 (95 % confidence interval95 % CI:1.52 – 1.90),1.68 (95 % CI:1.45 – 1.95), and 1.66 (95 % CI:1.29 – 2.13). The incidences of preterm birth, low birth weight, and birth defects were 58.39 %, 44.19 %, and 1.72 % among the neonates of multiple birth, which were not higher than those among the all multiple birth neonates during the period.

  Conclusion   The incidence of multiple birth increases obviously and the incidences of preterm birth, low birth weight, and birth defect also raise among the neonates born to mothers receiving assisted reproductive techniques.