中越边境市性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病相关行为特征及HIV感染影响因素分析

周欧路; 韦光武; 李爱明; 张建明; 李微伦; 农爱丹; 邬振先; 叶力; 梁冰玉; 梁浩

doi:10.11847/zgggws1122072

中越边境市性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病相关行为特征及HIV感染影响因素分析

AIDS-related behaviors and influencing factors of HIV infection among male attendees in STD clinics in a China-Vietnam border city

摘要

摘要:
目的了解广西壮族自治区中越边境市性病门诊男性就诊者艾滋病病毒（HIV）感染情况并探讨其影响因素，为制定干预策略提供参考依据。
方法于2010 — 2016年在广西壮族自治区中越边境凭祥市某性病门诊监测哨点对性病门诊男性就诊者9 221人进行问卷调查，同时进行HIV、梅毒和丙肝血清学检测。
结果 2010 — 2016年广西壮族自治区中越边境市共监测9 221人，年龄为15～95岁，84.50 % 就诊者年龄为20～59岁。2010 — 2016年共检测出HIV抗体阳性感染者136人，检出率为1.47 %，HIV感染率呈下降趋势（趋势χ² = 18.673，P = 0.005）；梅毒患者检出223人，检出率为2.24 %；丙肝阳性患者66人，检出率为0.72 %；艾滋病知识答对6条及以上知晓率为92.51 % （8 488/9 221）；最近3个月与暗娼发生过性行为的比例占29.4 % （2 715/9 221）；最近3个月与临时性伴发生性行为的比例占22.24 % （2 051/9 221）；注射过毒品的比例占0.74 % （68/9 221）；与同性发生过肛交性行为的比例占0.17 % （16/9 221）；最近1年接受过干预服务的比例为62.6 % （5 776/9 221）。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄处于60～79岁（aOR = 1.144，95 % CI = 0.327～4.002）、注射过毒品（aOR = 6.439，95 % CI = 1.874～22.128）、与同性发生过肛交性行为（aOR = 7.362，95 % CI = 1.281～ 42.329）和最近1年患过性病（aOR = 1.922，95 % CI = 1.137～3.248）为性病门诊就诊者感染HIV的危险因素，知晓艾滋病知识为保护因素（aOR = 0.054，95 % CI = 0.037～0.075）。
结论 2010 — 2016年广西壮族自治区中越边境市性病门诊就诊者HIV感染率虽有所下降但情况依然不容乐观，仍需加大力度坚持宣传艾滋病相关知识，并从行为上加强预防干预。

Abstract:
Objective To examine the prevalence and influencing factors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among male sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic attendees in a China-Vietnam border city in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) and to provide references for developing intervention strategies.
Methods We conducted questionnaire interviews and serological tests for HIV, Treponema pallidum (Tp), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among 9 221 male attendees of STD clinics (sentinel surveillance sites) in Pingxiang city in China-Vietnam border area of Guangxi during 2010 through 2016.
Results The ages of the participants were from 15 to 81 years and 84.50% of them were aged 20 – 59 years. Among all the participants during the period, totally 136 were identified as HIV positive, with a HIV positive rate of 1.47% and a downward trend in HIV infection rate. The total number of Tp and HCV positive participants were 223 and 66 and the detection rate of Tp and HCV infection were 2.24% and 0.72%. Of all the participants, 92.51% (8 488) were aware of 6 of 8 items AIDS-related knowledge; 29.4% (2 715) and 22.24% (2 051) reported having sex with commercial sex workers and temporary sexual partners during the previous three months; 0.74% (68) reported history of injection drug use and 0.17% (16) reported the history of homosexual anal sex, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk factors of HIV infection among the participants were aged 60 – 79 years (adjusted odds ratio aOR = 1.144, 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 0.327 – 4.002), injection drug use (aOR = 6.439, 95% CI: 1.874 – 22.128), homosexual anal sex (aOR = 7.362, 95% CI: 1.281 – 42.329) and suffering from STDs during previous one year (aOR = 1.922, 95% CI: 1.137 – 3.248); while being aware of AIDS-related knowledge was a protective factor against HIV infection (aOR = 0.054, 95% CI: 0.037 – 0.075).
Conclusion The prevalence of HIV infection declined but still needs to be concerned among attendees of STD clinics in a China-Vietnam border city in Guangxi. Education on AIDS-related knowledge and behavioral intervention should be promoted in the population.

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