Objective  To examine the prevalence and risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) among residents aged 15 years and above living in southeast area of Guizhou province and to provide references for implementing relevant interventions.

  Methods  A total of 149 787 residents (≥ 15 years old) were randomly selected using random cluster sampling in southeast area of Guizhou province and surveyed with a face-to-face interview, routine examination for CVD, physical examination, and laboratory detections between April 2018 and March 2019.

  Results  Among all the participants, 857 CVD cases were diagnosed, with a prevalence rate of 572.15/100 000 and a standardized prevalence rate of 570.03/100 000. The results of unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed following risk factors for CVD incidence in the participants: aged 40 years and above, Miao nationality, Tujia nationality, household annual income > 10 000 RMB yuan per capita, family history of CVD, overweight, obesity, smoking, alcohol drinking, long-term stress or anxiety, air pollution of residential environmen, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia; the results indicated that protective factors against CVD incidence were as following: being female, Buyi nationality, Dong nationality, being a worker, being a professional staff, being a cadre, being an attendant in public entertainment place, being a business man, living in rural area, with normal body weight, tea drinking, having physical exercise, with preference for acid food, consumption of dairy products, and consumption of vegetable and fruit.

  Conclusion  The prevalence of CVD is relatively high and mainly influenced by gender, age, nationality, educational level, occupation, household annual income per capita, family CVD history, place of residence, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, tea drinking, physical exercise, dietary pattern, type of food consumed, long-term stress or anxiety, air pollution in residential environment, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia among the residents aged 15 years and above in southeast area of Guizhou province.