Objective  To examine the coverage and influencing factors of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines among urban and rural residents aged ≥ 50 years in Zhejiang province for promoting the vaccination of the two vaccines in the population.

  Methods  A face-to-face interview with a self-designed questionnaire was conducted during June of 2022 among 2 200 residents aged 50 years above recruited in 35 communities/villages of 7 districts/counties, Zhejiang province. The coverage of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination were statistically described and unconditional multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze main influencing factors of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination.

  Results  Of the 2100 residents ultimately included in the analysis, 776 (36.95%) and 116 (5.52%) reported having influenza vaccination in past one year and pneumococcal vaccination in past five years, respectively. The results of unconditional multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the residents having the education of high school and above, with influenza vaccine-related awareness, being able to have free of charge vaccination, and ever receiving doctor’s relevant recommendation were more likely to have influenza vaccination and that the residents being able to have pneumococcal vaccination free of charge and ever receiving doctor’s relevant recommendation were more likely to have pneumococcal vaccination. The vaccinees of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine reported following similar vaccination motivations: receiving vaccination notification from community health centers (reported by 590 76.03% and 85 73.28% of the vaccinees), being promoted by suggestions of family members (400 51.55% and 67 57.76%), and self-intention to prevent the diseases (350 45.49% and 51 43.97%); while, the non-vaccinees of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine also reported similar reasons for not having the vaccinations, including without knowledge about influenza or pneumococcal vaccine (reported by 816 61.63% and 1 334 63.52% of the non-vaccinees), being worried about side effects of the vaccine (321 24.24% and 442 22.28%), and not perceiving vaccination necessity (296 22.36% and 472 22.48%).

  Conclusion  The vaccination rate of influenza and pneumococcal vaccine are relatively low and mainly influenced by the accessibility of vaccinations free of charge and recommendation on the vaccinations from medical professionals among residents aged ≥ 50 in Zhejiang province.