Abstract: To study the ages change of reproduction and fertility of fertile women.MethodBirth cohort analysis.ResultsGirls have earlier age at menarhe,woman have later age at menopause,birth spacing is getting shorter,the average times of pregnant and live birth,the death number of children under five years and its proportion to live birth is reducing,the birth control rate is rising as birth ages go on.But pregnancy and birth prior marriage is still popular,more live birth is not stopped in rural areas;Simultaneously,Women are mainly responsible for birth control,sterilization is the most frequently used contraceptive method.ConclusionsThe above results reflect the significant achievements in social and economic development,living standard,woman and child care,family planning in recent decades in rural areas of our country.However it is necessary to reinforce propaganda of family planning in rural areas and further study safe,effective and viable contraceptive methods.