淮北农村改建深井为主的小型集中供水控制腹泻病经济效益分析
Cost Benefit Analysis on Diarrhoeal Diseases Control due to Improved Drinking Water in Huaibei Rural Area
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摘要: 对两个县6个改水村和6个对照村的供用水方式和居民饮水与腹泻病进行调查,并对改建集中供水控制腹泻病的经济效益进行分析.结果表明,改建深井为主的简易集中供水水量充足,采取鼓励用水的措施,使当地居民人均饮用水量达到“农村生活饮用水量卫生标准”,同时水质显着高于改水前的分散式给水,腹泻病人平均生病时间为301天,有43.45%的腹泻病人不就诊.控制混杂因素后,腹泻病归因于饮用非自来水的AR%达59.1%.用流行病学的经济分析方法进行效益分析结果改建集中供水的投入与腹泻病减少的经济受益之比为1:5.43.Abstract: Sources of drinking water and amount of drinking water consumed were analyzed,among 10092 residents, the diarrhoeal diseases (DDs) were collected in 6 villages provided with deep-well tap water and orther 6 control villages using non-centralized water supply (NCWS) in Huaibei rural area. The results showed that after providing people with tap water from deep-well (TWDW), the amount of drinking water consumed reached the national standard of drinking water quantity to beconsumed in rural area and the drinking water quality was much better than that of NCWS. The average lasting time of DDs was 3.01 days. However 43.45% of the patients did not seek medical assistance.After contolling for confounding factors, the AR% of NCWS for DDs was 59.1%. The results showed that the ratio of cost for TWDW and the benefit gained from the reduotion of DDs was 1:5.43.
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