Abstract: Objective To learn the present conditions of antenatal examination in 105 counties.To explore the factors of affecting women's behaviors in pregancy.Methods Cross sectional study by household questionnaire investigation in 105 counties of 28 provinces for women whose children under 2 years old.The sample size is 21 036.Results The score of women's antenatal knowledge is quite low.The median score is 2(total is 7).the median score of women's know ledge about pregnancy-induced hypertension is only 1(total is 6).The percentage of antenatal examination is 91.4%.The percentage of early antenatal examination is only 40.4%.Multiplelogistic analyses showed that there are 6 factors associated with antenatal examination.Conclusion It's very poor that women's antenatal knowledge.There are a lot of problems about antenatal examination.The quality of antenatal examination needs to be improved.It should be stressed thathealth education of early antenatal examination.