Abstract: Objectives In order to explore the correlative factors of puerperal depression occurred in rural pregnant women and to instruct nurses and maternal and child health members in skeleton MCH hospital to provide approperate psychological health and nursing.Methods The 396 cases of pregnant women were taken randomly from the out-patient department of MCH hospital in the mountainous area county from J an.1998 to Dec.1999.Surveying of their mood with Hospital Anxiety and Depression(HAD)was conducted,following surveying 370 cases after delivery within 7 days,12 cases in 3 months,4 cases in 6 months,10 cases in 1 year with Edinburgh Postnatal Depressiion Scale(EPDS).Results The rate of anxiety or depression mood during pregnancy and postnatal depression were 6.06%,8.08%,14.65% and it approached to the urban surveying results for 5.13%,4.37% and 15.01% in 1997.Conclusion In order to decrease the rate of postnatal depression in rural,first,it should be done to standardize rural pregnancy health and to strengthen psychological nusing;secondly,to incease services during delivery and to advocate natural delivery;thirdly,to catch primary crowds and elements in rural community to conduct useful physical psychological nursing and to give a face to face health education.