Abstract: Objective To investigate the hepatitis C virus infection of patients treated by surgery.Methods Anti-HCV was detected with methods of ELISA and PT-PCR.Results The positive rate of anti-HCV was 3.15% in 25 500 cases treated by surgery.The infection rate of patients treated by hemostasis(13.11%)was significantly higher than those from other departments(P<0.01).There was not significant differnece between the other patients and the health controls(P>0.05).However the positive rate of HCV RNA was 77.2% in 500 cases of HCV.Conclusion The patients with hemostasis were athigh risk of HCV infection,it was very important to detect potential infection.