广东省流行性感冒病原学监测结果分析
Analysis on influenza surveillance pathogenic data in Guangdong
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摘要:目的 分析广东省流行性感冒(流感)流行特点和流感病毒优势株的情况。方法 采集2001年1月~2004年6月内科或儿科门诊就诊的流感样病人(发病3d内)的咽拭子或咽漱液标本, 流感病毒分离采用鸡胚和狗肾传代细胞(Madin-Darby Canine Kidney, MDCK); 流感病毒亚型鉴定采用血凝抑制试验。结果 共采集流感样病例咽拭子或咽漱液样本17313份, 流感病毒阳性1508株, 分离率为8.71%, 其中A1型(H1N1)92株、A3型(H3N2)1138株、B型278株, 分别占总分离数的6.1%, 75.5%, 18.4%。3种毒株在5~15岁组分布最多, 占44.7%;2001年优势流行株为B型, 2002~2004年优势流行株均为A3(H3N2);流感病毒分离高峰为每年3~7月, 2003年和2004年上半年未分离到A1(H1N1)亚型流感病毒; A3(H3N2)型流感病毒除主要在流行季节分离外, 在非流行高峰期也均有一定数量分离; B型流感病毒则主要集中分离于冬季(11、12、1月份)。结论 感染人群中流感毒株A1(H1N1)、A3(H3N2)、B型交替出现, A3(H3N2)亚型活动较强。应密切注意A3型(H3N2)流行株的活动情况, 加强监测, 及时发现流感病毒新变异株。Abstract:Objective To inv estigate the prevalence of influenza viruses during the period from January 2001 to June 2004.Methods Influenzas viruses were isolated by Madin-Darby CanineKidney(MDCK)cell and embryonated eggs.Sub-types were identified by HItest.Results During the period of January 2001 to June 2004, a total number of 17 313 throat swab specimens were collected in Guangdong, with 1 508 strains identified as influenza viruses positive.The rate of isolation was 8.71%.Of the 1 508 strains, 92 strains were influenza A-H1N1, 1138 strains were influenza A-H3N2 viruses, 278 strains were influenza Bviruses with the rates of isolation on each subtype at 6.1%, 75.4% and 18.5%, respectively.The age distributions of three types showed the peek appeared in age 5-15.The predo minant viruses were subtype of influenza A-H3N2 in 2002-2004, while influenza Bin 2001.The peak of viruses isolation occured from March to July.No influenza A-H1N1 was isolated in 2003 and 2004.Influenza A-H3N2 viruses were mainlyisolated in the epidemic period.Different from influenza A-H3N2, most of the Bviruses were isolated in winter.Conclusion Although influenza Asubtype H1N1 and H3N2 as well as Btype viruses co-circulated in Guangdong, the activity of influenza A-H3N2 has been serious in these recenty ears.More attention should be paid to the variation of influenza Atype(H3N2)strains.
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