Abstract: Objective To observe blood lead level and related risk factors among Han,Uygur,Hachildren in Xinjiang.Methods Stratified random sampling and simpler andom sampling were used.A total of 1 513 Han,Uygur,Ha children aged 6 to 10 years old in 10 schools were investigated,and the levels of the blood lead of children were assayed with the instrument o f BH-2100 Atomic Absor ption Spectrophotometer.At the same time,related factors were investigated using a standardized questionnaire.Results There were statistical difference in the mean lead level of Han and Ha children(P<0.05).T he lead poisoning rate was 23.31%,23.25% and 22.10%r espectively,there were no statistical difference(P>0.05).Han,Uygur,Ha children SES(especially parent occupation),bad eating habits(eating preserved egg),house surrounding,house fitment,bad habits(biting pen,not washing hands before lunch,not washing toy,etc.)might still serve as major risk factors related to child lead poisoning,but the rank is different in Han,Uygur,Ha children.Conclusion The blood lead level(≥100 Lg/L)of Uramuqi children appeared to be a big problem,effective intervention measures should be taken on these target populations.