Abstract: Objective To describe the loneliness of people living with HIV/AIDS(PLWHAS),in Anhui rural area,and to explore its influential factors.Methods 219 villagers lived in Jingjiu township of Yingzhou district,Fuyang city were selected for this subjects.Data were collected through face-to-face interview using the UCLA Loneliness Scale,Social Support Scale,Activity of Daily Living Scale,etc.Results The mean score of loneliness was 47162(SD=11.52),and the people who were farmer,with poor fealty from the offspring,poor pocketbook,poor relationship with neighborhood,and poor family functioning,as well as social support were more likely to have higher scores of loneliness.The results of stepwise regression analysis showed that family functioning,social support etc.were the significant predicting variables of loneliness,and was the most powerful predictor.Conclusion PLWHAS is impacted by multiple factor,an important way for alleviating feelings of loneliness and improving quality of life would be the implementation for intervention strategies in population designed to address family function and social support among PLWHAS.