Abstract: ObjectiveTo explore the distribution of collagen type 1 alpha2(COL1A2)PvuⅡ genot ype in children who lived in the high fluoride,high iodine areas,and evaluate the relationship of COL1A2 PvuⅡ gene polymorphism to children's dental fluorosis.MethodsPolymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism technique(PCR-RFLP) was used to determine COL1A2 PvuⅡ genotype of the different children lived in the normal fluo ride and iodine area,the high fluoride area,the high fluoride and high iodine area.The incidence of dental fluorosis was examined by using Dean's method.ResultsThe distribution frequency of COL1A2 PvuⅡ genotype was PP23.3%,Pp36.7%,pp40.0% in the normal fluo ride and iodine area,PP9.8%,Pp45.1%,pp45.1% in the high fluoride area,and PP13.7%,Pp38.4%,pp47.9% in the high fluoride and high iodine area respectively.There were no significant differences in the three areas(χ²=5.191,P>0.05).The prevalence of dental fluorosis in these three groups was 0,52.7%,50.7% respect ively,and there were significant differences in the three areas(χ²=49.081,P<0.05).There was no significant difference of children dental fluorosis between the high fluoride area and the high fluor ide and iodine area(χ²=0.060,P>0.05),but the community fluo rosis index(CFI) in the high fluoride and iodine area was lower than that in the high fluoride area.ConclusionThere were no correlation between COL1A2 PvuⅡ gene polymorphism and the dental fluorosis in the three areas.