Abstract: Objective To discuss the relationship between incidence of dysentery and economy and climate,to provide theoretic foundation of further investigation.Methods The data of climate and incidence of dysentery from 1949 to 2004 were collected to do correlation study an multiply linear regression.Results If there were more hours of sunshine,days of strong wind,or lower average temperature,average pressure or all households'consumption,or fewer refrigerators,there would be higher incidence of dysentery.Conclusion The incidence of dysentery is well connected with economy and climate; it can be estimated by precipitation,hours of sunshine and per 100 households'annual possession of refrigerators.