Abstract: Objective To discuss death cause of coal worker pneumoconiosis(CWP),so as to provide evidence for tertiary prevention of CWP.Methods The retrospective epidemiologic method was used to analyze the death causes of 825 CWP.Results The composition of the first four death causes was pulmonary heart disease,malignant tumor,pulmonary tuberculosis,pneumoconiosis in turn;with the increase of period stage of CWP,there was increasing tendency in case fatality of CWP,death rate caused by tuberculosis and malignant tumor.There were significant differences in case fatality among different types of work and mining areas.Conclusion The major cause influencing patients' health with CPW were the occurrence of various complication,the major death cause of patients with CPW was the complication.The case fatality among different mine areas were different because of the difference of coal and geologic structure.