Abstract: Objective To evaluate the effect of comprehensive community-based intervention on chronic non-communicable diseases in Nanjing.Methods Using random ized cluster-sampling method,residents aged≥35 years(n=4293) were selected from three urban districts and one rural county of Nanjing in 2004.Then,community-based intervention measures,including medication guidance,health education,and health promotion were employed upon eligible participants after the baseline investigation The participants were investigated again in 2007.Results A total of 3567 subjects participated in the final investigation,and the follow-up rate was 83.1%.After three years intervention,both the punctual measurement rate of blood pressure and the know ledge rate of diabetes increased significantly (χ² =44.25,P<0.01; χ²=26.10,P<0.01,respectively).wbile the proportion of drinking behavior greatly decreased (χ²=47.93,P<0.01).Conclusion The comprehensive community intervention is effective for the control and prevention of chronic diseases.